---
title: Jeremiah 51:16 (JPS 1917) — At the sound of His giving a multitude of waters in the heavens, He… · tree and pragmatics
description: At the sound of His giving a multitude of waters in the heavens, He causeth the vapours to ascend from the ends of the earth; He maketh lightnings at the time of the rain, and bringeth forth the wind out of His treasuries; Who acts: sound, LORD, vapours. Jeremiah 51:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependenc
---

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# Jeremiah 51:16 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At the sound of His giving a multitude of waters in the heavens, He causeth the vapours to ascend from the ends of the earth; He maketh lightnings at the time of the rain, and bringeth forth the wind out of His treasuries;

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**Who acts:** sound, LORD, vapours · **What happens:** give, cause, ascend, make, bring · **To what, where:** multitude, heavens, vapours, sound, ends, lightnings

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This is Jeremiah 51:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sound, LORD, vapours), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:1393
# text = At the sound of His giving a multitude of waters in the heavens, He causeth the vapours to ascend from the ends of the earth; He maketh lightnings at the time of the rain, and bringeth forth the wind out of His treasuries;
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
4	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	giving	give	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	acl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	multitude	multitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	waters	water	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	heavens	heaven	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
15	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	causeth	cause	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	vapours	vapour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	ascend	ascend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	_
21	from	from	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	ends	end	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
27	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
28	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
29	maketh	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	_
30	lightnings	lightning	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obj	_	_
31	at	at	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	_
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
39	bringeth	bring	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	conj	_	_
40	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	39	advmod	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obj	_	_
43	out	out	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
44	of	of	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
45	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	46	nmod:poss	_	_
46	treasuries	treasury	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	obl	_	_
47	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | gerund | the sound *not said here* | a multitude of waters |  | the heavens |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent multitude=Theme |
| 2 | **cause** | present | LORD | the vapours |  | the sound |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **ascend** | to-infinitive | the vapours *not said here* |  |  |  | from the ends of the earth |  | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from end=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **make** | present | LORD | lightnings |  |  | time |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lightning=Product |
| 5 | **bring** | present | LORD *not said here* | the wind |  | LORD's treasuries |  | forth *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent wind=Theme out treasury=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
לְק֨וֹל תִּתּ֜וֹ הֲמ֥וֹן מַ֙יִם֙ בַּשָּׁמַ֔יִם וַיַּ֥עַל נְשִׂאִ֖ים מִקְצֵה־אָ֑רֶץ בְּרָקִ֤ים לַמָּטָר֙ עָשָׂ֔ה וַיֹּ֥צֵא ר֖וּחַ מֵאֹצְרֹתָֽיו׃

[Jeremiah 51:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.51.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1393` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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