---
title: Jeremiah 51:31 (JPS 1917) — One post runneth to meet another, and one messenger to meet an other… · tree and pragmatics
description: One post runneth to meet another, and one messenger to meet an other, to tell the king of Babylon that his city is taken on every quarter; Who acts: One post. Jeremiah 51:31 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jeremiah 51:31 · JPS 1917

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One post runneth to meet another, and one messenger to meet an other, to tell the king of Babylon that his city is taken on every quarter;

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**Who acts:** One post · **What happens:** run, meet, tell, take · **To what, where:** another, other, king, city, quarter · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Jeremiah 51:31 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (One post), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:1408
# text = One post runneth to meet another, and one messenger to meet an other, to tell the king of Babylon that his city is taken on every quarter;
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	post	post	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	runneth	run	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	meet	meet	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
6	another	another	PRON	DT	PronType=Ind	5	obj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	messenger	messenger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	meet	meet	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
13	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	other	other	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	advcl	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	Babylon	Babylon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
22	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj:pass	_	_
25	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux:pass	_	_
26	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	ccomp	_	_
27	on	on	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	29	det	_	_
29	quarter	quarter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
30	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | present | One post |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **meet** | to-infinitive | One post *not said here* | another |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent another=Co-Agent |
| 3 | **meet** | to-infinitive | One post *not said here* | a other |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent other=Co-Agent |
| 4 | **tell** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive | One post *not said here* |  | the king of Babylon |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent king=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 5 | **take** | present · passive |  | post's city |  | every quarter |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme on quarter=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
רָ֤ץ לִקְרַאת־רָץ֙ יָר֔וּץ וּמַגִּ֖יד לִקְרַ֣את מַגִּ֑יד לְהַגִּיד֙ לְמֶ֣לֶךְ בָּבֶ֔ל כִּֽי־נִלְכְּדָ֥ה עִיר֖וֹ מִקָּצֶֽה׃

[Jeremiah 51:31: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.51.31/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1408` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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