---
title: Jeremiah 51:43 (JPS 1917) — Her cities are become a desolation, a dry land, and a desert, a land… · tree and pragmatics
description: Her cities are become a desolation, a dry land, and a desert, a land wherein no man dwelleth, neither doth any son of man pass thereby. Who acts: man, son. Jeremiah 51:43 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jeremiah 51:43 · JPS 1917

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Her cities are become a desolation, a dry land, and a desert, a land wherein no man dwelleth, neither doth any son of man pass thereby.

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**Who acts:** man, son · **What happens:** become, dwell, pass · **To what, where:** cities

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This is Jeremiah 51:43 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:1421
# text = Her cities are become a desolation, a dry land, and a desert, a land wherein no man dwelleth, neither doth any son of man pass thereby.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	become	become	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	desolation	desolation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	xcomp	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	desert	desert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	_
18	wherein	wherein	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	21	advmod	_	_
19	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	20	det	_	_
20	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
21	dwelleth	dwell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	acl:relcl	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
23	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	29	cc	_	_
24	doth	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
25	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	26	det	_	_
26	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
29	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	conj	_	_
30	thereby	thereby	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed form=decl

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | present · passive |  | Babylon's cities |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |
| 2 | **dwell** | present | no man |  |  |  |  | wherein *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **pass** | present · do-support | any son of man |  |  |  |  | thereby *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
הָי֤וּ עָרֶ֙יהָ֙ לְשַׁמָּ֔ה אֶ֖רֶץ צִיָּ֣ה וַעֲרָבָ֑ה אֶ֗רֶץ לֹֽא־יֵשֵׁ֤ב בָּהֵן֙ כָּל־אִ֔ישׁ וְלֹֽא־יַעֲבֹ֥ר בָּהֵ֖ן בֶּן־אָדָֽם׃

[Jeremiah 51:43: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.51.43/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1421` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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