---
title: Jeremiah 51:48 (JPS 1917) — Then the heaven and the earth, and all that is therein, shall sing f… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then the heaven and the earth, and all that is therein, shall sing for joy over Babylon; for the spoilers shall come unto her from the north, saith the LORD. Who acts: heaven, spoilers, LORD. Jeremiah 51:48 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jeremiah 51:48 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then the heaven and the earth, and all that is therein, shall sing for joy over Babylon; for the spoilers shall come unto her from the north, saith the LORD.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** heaven, spoilers, LORD · **What happens:** be, sing, come, say · **To what, where:** Babylon, north · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Jeremiah 51:48 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heaven, spoilers, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:1426
# text = Then the heaven and the earth, and all that is therein, shall sing for joy over Babylon; for the spoilers shall come unto her from the north, saith the LORD.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	15	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	all	all	PRON	DT	PronType=Tot	3	conj	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	therein	therein	ADV	RB	_	9	acl:relcl	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
14	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	sing	sing	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	joy	joy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
18	over	over	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Babylon	Babylon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
21	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	spoilers	spoiler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nsubj	_	_
24	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	advcl	_	_
26	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	obl	_	_
28	from	from	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
32	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	parataxis	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	nsubj	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: character
- polarity: pos
- teacher: changed voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | therein *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **sing** *speech: express* | shall | the heaven and the earth |  |  | Babylon | then | for joy | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over babylon=Location |
| 3 | **come** | shall | the spoilers |  |  | the north |  | unto Babylon | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from north=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְרִנְּנ֤וּ עַל־בָּבֶל֙ שָׁמַ֣יִם וָאָ֔רֶץ וְכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר בָּהֶ֑ם כִּ֧י מִצָּפ֛וֹן יָבוֹא־לָ֥הּ הַשּׁוֹדְדִ֖ים נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃

[Jeremiah 51:48: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.51.48/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1426` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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