---
title: Jeremiah 51:49 (JPS 1917) — As Babylon hath caused the slain of Israel to fall, so at Babylon sh… · tree and pragmatics
description: As Babylon hath caused the slain of Israel to fall, so at Babylon shall fall the slain of all the land. Who acts: Babylon, slain. Jeremiah 51:49 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jeremiah 51:49 · JPS 1917

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As Babylon hath caused the slain of Israel to fall, so at Babylon shall fall the slain of all the land.

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**Who acts:** Babylon, slain · **What happens:** cause, fall · **To what, where:** slain, Babylon

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This is Jeremiah 51:49 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Babylon, slain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:1427
# text = As Babylon hath caused the slain of Israel to fall, so at Babylon shall fall the slain of all the land.
1	As	as	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	Babylon	Babylon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	caused	cause	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	16	advcl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	slain	slain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	fall	fall	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	so	so	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Babylon	Babylon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
15	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	fall	fall	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	slain	slain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	22	det:predet	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert, voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | present · perfect | Babylon | the slain of Israel |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **fall** | to-infinitive | the slain of Israel *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **fall** | shall |  | the slain of all land |  | Babylon |  |  | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient slain=Result |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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גַּם־בָּבֶ֕ל לִנְפֹּ֖ל חַֽלְלֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל גַּם־לְבָבֶ֥ל נָפְל֖וּ חַֽלְלֵ֥י כָל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃

[Jeremiah 51:49: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.51.49/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1427` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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