---
title: Jeremiah 51:56 (JPS 1917) — For the spoiler is come upon her, even upon Babylon, and her mighty… · tree and pragmatics
description: For the spoiler is come upon her, even upon Babylon, and her mighty men are taken, their bows are shattered; for the LORD is a God of recompenses, He will surely requite. Who acts: LORD. Jeremiah 51:56 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jeremiah 51:56 · JPS 1917

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For the spoiler is come upon her, even upon Babylon, and her mighty men are taken, their bows are shattered; for the LORD is a God of recompenses, He will surely requite.

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**Who acts:** LORD · **What happens:** come, take, shatter, be, requite · **To what, where:** spoiler, mighty men, bows, God

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This is Jeremiah 51:56 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:1434
# text = For the spoiler is come upon her, even upon Babylon, and her mighty men are taken, their bows are shattered; for the LORD is a God of recompenses, He will surely requite.
1	For	for	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	spoiler	spoiler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	even	even	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Babylon	Babylon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
14	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
15	mighty	mighty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
20	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	bows	bow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nsubj:pass	_	_
22	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	shattered	shatter	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
24	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
25	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
28	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	cop	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	advcl	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	recompenses	recompense	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	nmod	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
34	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	nsubj	_	_
35	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	37	aux	_	_
36	surely	surely	ADV	RB	_	37	advmod	_	_
37	requite	requite	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	parataxis	_	_
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present · passive |  | the spoiler |  |  |  | upon Babylon; upon Babylon | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **take** | present · passive |  | Babylon's mighty men |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Destination |
| 3 | **shatter** | present · passive |  | spoilers's bows |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 4 | **is a** | present | the LORD | a God |  |  |  | of recompenses | tree rules |
| 5 | **requite** | future | LORD |  |  |  |  | surely *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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כִּי֩ בָ֨א עָלֶ֤יהָ עַל־בָּבֶל֙ שׁוֹדֵ֔ד וְנִלְכְּדוּ֙ גִּבּוֹרֶ֔יהָ חִתְּתָ֖ה קַשְּׁתוֹתָ֑ם כִּ֣י אֵ֧ל גְּמֻל֛וֹת יְהוָ֖ה שַׁלֵּ֥ם יְשַׁלֵּֽם׃

[Jeremiah 51:56: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.51.56/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:1434` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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