--- title: Jeremiah 9:4 (JPS 1917) — And they deceive every one his neighbour, and truth they speak not;… · tree and pragmatics description: And they deceive every one his neighbour, and truth they speak not; they have taught their tongue to speak lies, they weary themselves to commit iniquity. Who acts: people, tongue. Jeremiah 9:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.271/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/9/) / [9:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.9.4/) / JPS 1 # Jeremiah 9:4 · JPS 1917 And they deceive every one his neighbour, and truth they speak not; they have taught their tongue to speak lies, they weary themselves to commit iniquity. **Who acts:** people, tongue · **What happens:** deceive, not speak, teach, speak, weary, commit · **To what, where:** one, truth, tongue, lies, people, iniquity · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Jeremiah 9:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, tongue), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JER:271 # text = And they deceive every one his neighbour, and truth they speak not; they have taught their tongue to speak lies, they weary themselves to commit iniquity. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 deceive deceive VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 5 det _ _ 5 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 6 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 neighbour neighbour NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod:unmarked _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 truth truth NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 conj _ _ 11 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ _ 12 speak speak VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 acl:relcl _ _ 13 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 12 advmod _ _ 14 ; ; PUNCT : _ 17 punct _ _ 15 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ _ 16 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 17 taught teach VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 parataxis _ _ 18 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ _ 19 tongue tongue NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obj _ _ 20 to to PART TO _ 21 mark _ _ 21 speak speak VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 17 xcomp _ _ 22 lies lie NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 obj _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 24 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nsubj _ _ 25 weary weary VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 conj _ _ 26 themselves themselves PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 25 obj _ _ 27 to to PART TO _ 28 mark _ _ 28 commit commit VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 25 advcl _ _ 29 iniquity iniquity NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed voice=character | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **deceive** | present | people | every one LORD's neighbour | | | | | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Patient | | 2 | **not** **speak** *speech: other* | present | people | truth *not said here* | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **teach** *speech: other* | present · perfect | people | people's tongue | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent tongue=Recipient clause=Topic | | 4 | **speak** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | people's tongue *not said here* | lies | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **weary** | present | people | people | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus themselves=Experiencer | | 6 | **commit** | to-infinitive | people *not said here* | iniquity | | | | | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent iniquity=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְאִ֤ישׁ בְּרֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ יְהָתֵ֔לּוּ וֶאֱמֶ֖ת לֹ֣א יְדַבֵּ֑רוּ לִמְּד֧וּ לְשׁוֹנָ֛ם דַּבֶּר־שֶׁ֖קֶר הַעֲוֵ֥ה נִלְאֽוּ׃ [Jeremiah 9:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.9.4/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:271` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 9:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.270/) - next →: [Jeremiah 9:5 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.272/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 9:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.9.4/)