--- title: Jeremiah 9:7 (JPS 1917) — Their tongue is a sharpened arrow, it speaketh deceit; one speaketh… · tree and pragmatics description: Their tongue is a sharpened arrow, it speaketh deceit; one speaketh peaceably to his neighbour with his mouth, but in his heart he layeth wait for him. Who acts: tongue, one, LORD. Jeremiah 9:7 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.274/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/9/) / [9:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.9.7/) / JPS 1 # Jeremiah 9:7 · JPS 1917 Their tongue is a sharpened arrow, it speaketh deceit; one speaketh peaceably to his neighbour with his mouth, but in his heart he layeth wait for him. **Who acts:** tongue, one, LORD · **What happens:** sharpen, be, speak, lay · **To what, where:** sharpened arrow, deceit, wait, heart · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Jeremiah 9:7 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tongue, one, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JER:274 # text = Their tongue is a sharpened arrow, it speaketh deceit; one speaketh peaceably to his neighbour with his mouth, but in his heart he layeth wait for him. 1 Their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss _ _ 2 tongue tongue NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 sharpened sharpen VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 amod _ _ 6 arrow arrow NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 8 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ _ 9 speaketh speak VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 10 deceit deceit NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 11 ; ; PUNCT : _ 13 punct _ _ 12 one one NUM CD _ 13 nsubj _ _ 13 speaketh speak VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 14 peaceably peaceably ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 15 to to ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ _ 17 neighbour neighbour NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 18 with with ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ _ 20 mouth mouth NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 22 but but CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 23 in in ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ _ 25 heart heart NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 26 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 27 layeth lay VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 28 wait wait NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 29 for for ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nmod _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **sharpen** | participle | | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 2 | **is a** | present | people's tongue | a sharpened arrow | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | tongue | deceit | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | one | | | | | to LORD's neighbour; with LORD's mouth; peaceably *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to neighbour=Co-Agent | | 5 | **lay** | present | LORD | wait | | LORD's heart | | for neighbour | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent wait=Result for he=Beneficiary | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} חֵ֥ץ שָׁח֛וּט לְשׁוֹנָ֖ם מִרְמָ֣ה דִבֵּ֑ר בְּפִ֗יו שָׁל֤וֹם אֶת־רֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ יְדַבֵּ֔רוּבְקִרְבּ֖וֹ יָשִׂ֥ים אָרְבּֽוֹ׃ [Jeremiah 9:7: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.9.7/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:274` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 9:6 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.273/) - next →: [Jeremiah 9:8 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.275/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 9:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.9.7/)