---
title: Jeremiah 9:14 (JPS 1917) — Therefore thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: Behold, I… · tree and pragmatics
description: Therefore thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: Behold, I will feed them, even this people, with wormwood, and give them water of gall to drink. Who acts: LORD, I. Jeremiah 9:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jeremiah 9:14 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Therefore thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: Behold, I will feed them, even this people, with wormwood, and give them water of gall to drink.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** LORD, I · **What happens:** say, feed, give, drink · **To what, where:** hosts, water · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Jeremiah 9:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:284
# text = Therefore thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: Behold, I will feed them, even this people, with wormwood, and give them water of gall to drink.
1	Therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	hosts	host	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
14	Behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	18	discourse	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
16	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	feed	feed	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
19	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
21	even	even	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
22	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	23	det	_	_
23	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	appos	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	with	with	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	wormwood	wormwood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	conj	_	_
30	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	iobj	_	_
31	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	gall	gall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	_
34	to	to	PART	TO	_	35	mark	_	_
35	drink	drink	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	advcl	_	_
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: promise
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD of hosts |  |  |  |  | therefore, thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **feed** | future | I | hosts *= host* |  |  |  | with wormwood | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient |
| 3 | **give** | infinitive | I *not said here* | water of gall | hosts *= host* |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient water=Theme |
| 4 | **drink** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
לָכֵ֗ן כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר יְהוָ֤ה צְבָאוֹת֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הִנְנִ֧י מַאֲכִילָ֛ם אֶת־הָעָ֥ם הַזֶּ֖ה לַֽעֲנָ֑ה וְהִשְׁקִיתִ֖ים מֵי־רֹֽאשׁ׃

[Jeremiah 9:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.9.14/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:284` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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