---
title: Jeremiah 10:8 (JPS 1917) — But they are altogether brutish and foolish: the vanities by which t… · tree and pragmatics
description: But they are altogether brutish and foolish: the vanities by which they are instructed are but a stock; Who acts: nations, vanities. Jeremiah 10:8 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jeremiah 10:8 · JPS 1917

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But they are altogether brutish and foolish: the vanities by which they are instructed are but a stock;

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**Who acts:** nations, vanities · **What happens:** be, instruct · **To what, where:** nations, stock

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This is Jeremiah 10:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (nations, vanities), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:306
# text = But they are altogether brutish and foolish: the vanities by which they are instructed are but a stock;
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	altogether	altogether	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	brutish	brutish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	foolish	foolish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	vanities	vanity	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	obl	_	_
13	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	instructed	instruct	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl:relcl	_	_
16	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
17	but	but	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	stock	stock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	parataxis	_	_
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | nations *= nation* |  |  |  |  | altogether, brutish *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | nations *= nation* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **instruct** *speech: other* | present · passive | the vanities | nations *= nation* |  |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient |
| 4 | **is a** | present | the vanities | a stock |  |  |  | but *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וּבְאַחַ֖ת יִבְעֲר֣וּ וְיִכְסָ֑לוּ מוּסַ֥ר הֲבָלִ֖ים עֵ֥ץ הֽוּא׃

[Jeremiah 10:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.10.8/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:306` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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