---
title: Jeremiah 10:14 (JPS 1917) — Every man is proved to be brutish, without knowledge, every goldsmit… · tree and pragmatics
description: Every man is proved to be brutish, without knowledge, every goldsmith is put to shame by the graven image, his molten image is falsehood, and there is no breath in them. Who acts: graven image, molten image, breath, goldsmith. Jeremiah 10:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of
---

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# Jeremiah 10:14 · JPS 1917

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Every man is proved to be brutish, without knowledge, every goldsmith is put to shame by the graven image, his molten image is falsehood, and there is no breath in them.

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**Who acts:** graven image, molten image, breath, goldsmith · **What happens:** prove, be, put, image · **To what, where:** man, goldsmith, falsehood

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This is Jeremiah 10:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (graven image, molten image, breath, goldsmith), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:312
# text = Every man is proved to be brutish, without knowledge, every goldsmith is put to shame by the graven image, his molten image is falsehood, and there is no breath in them.
1	Every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	proved	prove	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
7	brutish	brutish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	without	without	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	det	_	_
13	goldsmith	goldsmith	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	parataxis	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	shame	shame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
18	by	by	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	graven	graven	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	image	image	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
24	molten	molten	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	image	image	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
26	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	cop	_	_
27	falsehood	falsehood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
30	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	31	expl	_	_
31	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
32	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	33	det	_	_
33	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj	_	_
34	in	in	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	obl	_	_
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed voice=character, act=assert, polarity=neg

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prove** | present · passive |  | every man |  |  |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | brutish *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **put** | present · passive | the graven image | every goldsmith |  |  |  | without knowledge; to shame | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent subject=Goal |
| 4 | **is a** | present | goldsmith's molten image | falsehood |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **be** | present | no breath |  |  | there |  | in men *= man* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in they=Location |
| 6 | **image** |  | goldsmith |  |  |  |  |  | nom image «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
נִבְעַ֤ר כָּל־אָדָם֙ מִדַּ֔עַת הֹבִ֥ישׁ כָּל־צוֹרֵ֖ף מִפָּ֑סֶל כִּ֛י שֶׁ֥קֶר נִסְכּ֖וֹ וְלֹא־ר֥וּחַ בָּֽם׃

[Jeremiah 10:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.10.14/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:312` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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