--- title: Jeremiah 2:13 (JPS 1917) — For My people have committed two evils: they have forsaken Me, the f… · tree and pragmatics description: For My people have committed two evils: they have forsaken Me, the fountain of living waters, and hewed them out cisterns, broken cisterns, that can hold no water. Who acts: people, cisterns. Jeremiah 2:13 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.32/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/2/) / [2:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.2.13/) / JPS 1 # Jeremiah 2:13 · JPS 1917 For My people have committed two evils: they have forsaken Me, the fountain of living waters, and hewed them out cisterns, broken cisterns, that can hold no water. **Who acts:** people, cisterns · **What happens:** commit, forsake, hew out, break, hold · **To what, where:** two evils, Me, cisterns, people, water This is Jeremiah 2:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, cisterns), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JER:32 # text = For My people have committed two evils: they have forsaken Me, the fountain of living waters, and hewed them out cisterns, broken cisterns, that can hold no water. 1 For for SCONJ IN _ 5 mark _ _ 2 My my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ _ 3 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 4 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 5 committed commit VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 6 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 7 nummod _ _ 7 evils evil NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ _ 8 : : PUNCT : _ 11 punct _ _ 9 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ _ 10 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 aux _ _ 11 forsaken forsake VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 5 parataxis _ _ 12 Me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 11 obj _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 fountain fountain NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 appos _ _ 16 of of ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 living living ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 waters water NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nmod _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 21 hewed hew VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 22 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 iobj _ _ 23 out out ADP RP _ 21 compound:prt _ _ 24 cisterns cistern NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 obj _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 26 broken break VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 27 amod _ _ 27 cisterns cistern NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 conj _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 29 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 31 nsubj _ _ 30 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 31 aux _ _ 31 hold hold VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 24 acl:relcl _ _ 32 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 33 det _ _ 33 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obj _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **commit** | present · perfect | My people | two evils | | | | | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent evil=Theme | | 2 | **forsake** | present · perfect | people | Me | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **hew out** | past | people *not said here* | cisterns and broken cisterns | people | | | | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP ADJP»: agent=Agent they=Patient cistern=Result | | 4 | **break** | participle | | | | | | | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | | 5 | **hold** | can | cisterns and broken cisterns | no water | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} כִּֽי־שְׁתַּ֥יִם רָע֖וֹת עָשָׂ֣ה עַמִּ֑י אֹתִ֨י עָזְב֜וּ מְק֣וֹר ׀ מַ֣יִם חַיִּ֗ים לַחְצֹ֤ב לָהֶם֙ בֹּאר֔וֹת בֹּארֹת֙ נִשְׁבָּרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־יָכִ֖לוּ הַמָּֽיִם׃ [Jeremiah 2:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.2.13/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:32` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 2:12 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.31/) - next →: [Jeremiah 2:14 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.33/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 2:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.2.13/)