--- title: Jeremiah 2:15 (JPS 1917) — The young lions have roared upon him, and let their voice resound; a… · tree and pragmatics description: The young lions have roared upon him, and let their voice resound; and they have made his land desolate, his cities are laid waste, without inhabitant. Who acts: young lions, voice, lions. Jeremiah 2:15 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.36/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/2/) / [2:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.2.15/) / JPS 1 # Jeremiah 2:15 · JPS 1917 The young lions have roared upon him, and let their voice resound; and they have made his land desolate, his cities are laid waste, without inhabitant. **Who acts:** young lions, voice, lions · **What happens:** roar, let, resound, make, lay · **To what, where:** voice, land, cities This is Jeremiah 2:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (young lions, voice, lions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JER:36 # text = The young lions have roared upon him, and let their voice resound; and they have made his land desolate, his cities are laid waste, without inhabitant. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 young young ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 lions lion NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 4 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 5 roared roar VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 6 upon upon ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 obl _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 let let VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 conj _ _ 11 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ _ 12 voice voice NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 13 resound resound VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 xcomp _ _ 14 ; ; PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 16 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 17 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 aux _ _ 18 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 5 conj _ _ 19 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ _ 20 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 21 desolate desolate ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 xcomp _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 23 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ _ 24 cities city NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nsubj:pass _ _ 25 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 aux:pass _ _ 26 laid lay VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 conj _ _ 27 waste waste NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 xcomp _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 29 without without ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 inhabitant inhabitant NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **roar** | present · perfect | the young lions | | | | | upon Israel | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon he=Location | | 2 | **let** | infinitive | the young lions *not said here* | lions's voice | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **resound** | infinitive | lions's voice *not said here* | | | | | | vn sound\_existence-47.4 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **make** | present · perfect | lions *= lion* | Israel's land | | | | desolate *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset land=Product | | 5 | **lay** | present · passive | | Israel's cities | | | | without inhabitant | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} עָלָיו֙ יִשְׁאֲג֣וּ כְפִרִ֔ים נָתְנ֖וּ קוֹלָ֑ם וַיָּשִׁ֤יתוּ אַרְצוֹ֙ לְשַׁמָּ֔ה עָרָ֥יו נִצְּת֖וּ מִבְּלִ֥י יֹשֵֽׁב׃ [Jeremiah 2:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.2.15/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:36` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 2:14 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.35/) - next →: [Jeremiah 2:16 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.37/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 2:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.2.15/)