--- title: Jeremiah 15:3 (JPS 1917) — And I will appoint over them four kinds, saith the LORD: the sword t… · tree and pragmatics description: And I will appoint over them four kinds, saith the LORD: the sword to slay, and the dogs to drag, and the fowls of the heaven, and the beasts of the earth, to devour and to destroy. Who acts: I, LORD. Jeremiah 15:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.434/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/15/) / [15:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.15.3/) / JPS 1 # Jeremiah 15:3 · JPS 1917 And I will appoint over them four kinds, saith the LORD: the sword to slay, and the dogs to drag, and the fowls of the heaven, and the beasts of the earth, to devour and to destroy. **Who acts:** I, LORD · **What happens:** appoint, say, slay, drag, devour, destroy · **To what, where:** four kinds · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Jeremiah 15:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JER:434 # text = And I will appoint over them four kinds, saith the LORD: the sword to slay, and the dogs to drag, and the fowls of the heaven, and the beasts of the earth, to devour and to destroy. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 2 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 3 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 4 appoint appoint VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 over over ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 obl _ _ 7 four four NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 8 nummod _ _ 8 kinds kind NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 10 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 13 : : PUNCT : _ 15 punct _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 sword sword NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 appos _ _ 16 to to PART TO _ 17 mark _ _ 17 slay slay VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 15 acl _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 dogs dog NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 conj _ _ 22 to to PART TO _ 23 mark _ _ 23 drag drag VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 21 acl _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 fowls fowl NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 conj _ _ 28 of of ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 heaven heaven NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nmod _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 beasts beast NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 conj _ _ 35 of of ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 earth earth NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 nmod _ _ 38 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 39 to to PART TO _ 40 mark _ _ 40 devour devour VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 advcl _ _ 41 and and CCONJ CC _ 43 cc _ _ 42 to to PART TO _ 43 mark _ _ 43 destroy destroy VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 40 conj _ _ 44 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert, voice=character | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **appoint** | future | I | four kinds | | | | over Moses | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kind=Theme | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **slay** | to-infinitive | the LORD *not said here* | | | | | | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **drag** | to-infinitive | the LORD *not said here* | | | | | | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **devour** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | | | | | | vn devour-39.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **destroy** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | | | | | | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וּפָקַדְתִּ֨י עֲלֵיהֶ֜ם אַרְבַּ֤ע מִשְׁפָּחוֹת֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה אֶת־הַחֶ֣רֶב לַֽהֲרֹ֔ג וְאֶת־הַכְּלָבִ֖ים לִסְחֹ֑ב וְאֶת־ע֧וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֛יִם וְאֶת־בֶּהֱמַ֥ת הָאָ֖רֶץ לֶאֱכֹ֥ל וּלְהַשְׁחִֽית׃ [Jeremiah 15:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.15.3/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:434` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 15:2 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.433/) - next →: [Jeremiah 15:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.435/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 15:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.15.3/)