---
title: Jeremiah 2:23 (JPS 1917) — See thy way in the Valley, know what thou hast done; thou art a swif… · tree and pragmatics
description: See thy way in the Valley, know what thou hast done; thou art a swift young camel traversing her ways; Who acts: you, thou, swift young camel. Jeremiah 2:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jeremiah 2:23 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

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See thy way in the Valley, know what thou hast done; thou art a swift young camel traversing her ways;

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**Who acts:** you, thou, swift young camel · **What happens:** see, know, do, be, traverse · **To what, where:** way, Valley, swift young camel, ways · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Jeremiah 2:23 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, thou, swift young camel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:46
# text = See thy way in the Valley, know what thou hast done; thou art a swift young camel traversing her ways;
1	See	see	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Valley	Valley	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	know	know	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
9	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	12	obj	_	_
10	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	12	nsubj	_	_
11	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	ccomp	_	_
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
14	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	19	nsubj	_	_
15	art	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
17	swift	swift	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
18	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	camel	camel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	parataxis	_	_
20	traversing	traverse	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	19	acl	_	_
21	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	_
23	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: command
- act: request
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | imperative | you *not said here* | thy way |  | the Valley |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer way=Stimulus |
| 2 | **know** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **do** | present · perfect | thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |
| 4 | **is a** | present | thou | a swift young camel |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **traverse** | gerund | a swift young camel *not said here* | iniquity's ways |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme way=Co-Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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אֵ֣יךְ תֹּאמְרִ֞י לֹ֣א נִטְמֵ֗אתִי אַחֲרֵ֤י הַבְּעָלִים֙ לֹ֣א הָלַ֔כְתִּי רְאִ֤י דַרְכֵּךְ֙ בַּגַּ֔יְא דְּעִ֖י מֶ֣ה עָשִׂ֑ית בִּכְרָ֥ה קַלָּ֖ה מְשָׂרֶ֥כֶת דְּרָכֶֽיהָ׃

[Jeremiah 2:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.2.23/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. [How canst thou say: 'I am not defiled, I have not gone after the Baalim'?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.45/)
2. **See thy way in the Valley, know what thou hast done; thou art a swift young camel traversing her ways;**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:46` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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