---
title: Jeremiah 17:23 (JPS 1917) — but they hearkened not, neither inclined their ear, but made their n… · tree and pragmatics
description: but they hearkened not, neither inclined their ear, but made their neck stiff, that they might not hear, nor receive instruction. Who acts: fathers. Jeremiah 17:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jeremiah 17:23 · JPS 1917

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but they hearkened not, neither inclined their ear, but made their neck stiff, that they might not hear, nor receive instruction.

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**Who acts:** fathers · **What happens:** not hearken, incline, make, not hear, receive · **To what, where:** ear, neck, instruction

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This is Jeremiah 17:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fathers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:501
# text = but they hearkened not, neither inclined their ear, but made their neck stiff, that they might not hear, nor receive instruction.
1	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hearkened	hearken	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	7	cc:preconj	_	_
7	inclined	incline	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	ear	ear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	neck	neck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	stiff	stiff	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
17	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
19	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
20	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
21	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	advcl	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	24	cc	_	_
24	receive	receive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	conj	_	_
25	instruction	instruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **hearken** | past | fathers *= father* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **incline** | past | fathers *= father* *not said here* | fathers's ear |  |  |  |  | vn addict-96 «NP V NP PP.Theme»: agent=Agent ear=Patient |
| 3 | **make** | past | fathers *= father* *not said here* | fathers's neck |  |  |  | stiff *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset neck=Product |
| 4 | **not** **hear** | might | fathers *= father* |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer |
| 5 | **receive** | infinitive | fathers *= father* *not said here* | instruction |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent instruction=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְלֹ֣א שָֽׁמְע֔וּ וְלֹ֥א הִטּ֖וּ אֶת־אָזְנָ֑ם וַיַּקְשׁוּ֙ אֶת־עָרְפָּ֔ם לְבִלְתִּ֣י שְׁמ֔וֹעַ וּלְבִלְתִּ֖י קַ֥חַת מוּסָֽר׃

[Jeremiah 17:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.17.23/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:501` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Jeremiah 17:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.500/)
- next →: [Jeremiah 17:24 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.502/)
- ↑ back to [Jeremiah 17:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.17.23/)