---
title: Jeremiah 18:13 (JPS 1917) — Therefore thus saith the LORD: Ask ye now among the nations, who hat… · tree and pragmatics
description: Therefore thus saith the LORD: Ask ye now among the nations, who hath heard such things; the virgin of Israel hath done a very horrible thing. Who acts: LORD, ye, virgin. Jeremiah 18:13 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jeremiah 18:13 · JPS 1917

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Therefore thus saith the LORD: Ask ye now among the nations, who hath heard such things; the virgin of Israel hath done a very horrible thing.

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**Who acts:** LORD, ye, virgin · **What happens:** say, ask, hear, do · **To what, where:** such things, horrible thing · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Jeremiah 18:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, ye, virgin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:519
# text = Therefore thus saith the LORD: Ask ye now among the nations, who hath heard such things; the virgin of Israel hath done a very horrible thing.
1	Therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	Ask	ask	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
8	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	7	nsubj	_	_
9	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	_
10	among	among	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	nations	nation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj	_	_
15	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	ccomp	_	_
17	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	_
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	virgin	virgin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
24	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	parataxis	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
27	very	very	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
28	horrible	horrible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD |  |  |  |  | therefore, thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | infinitive | ye |  |  |  | now | among the nations | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **hear** | present · perfect |  | such things |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer thing=Stimulus |
| 4 | **do** | present · perfect | the virgin of Israel | a horrible thing |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה שַֽׁאֲלוּ־נָא֙ בַּגּוֹיִ֔ם מִ֥י שָׁמַ֖ע כָּאֵ֑לֶּה שַֽׁעֲרֻרִת֙ עָשְׂתָ֣ה מְאֹ֔ד בְּתוּלַ֖ת יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃

[Jeremiah 18:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.18.13/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:519` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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