---
title: Jeremiah 2:28 (JPS 1917) — But where are thy gods that thou hast made thee? · tree and pragmatics
description: But where are thy gods that thou hast made thee? Who acts: gods, thou. Jeremiah 2:28 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jeremiah 2:28 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

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But where are thy gods that thou hast made thee?

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**Who acts:** gods, thou · **What happens:** be, make · **To what, where:** gods, thee

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This is Jeremiah 2:28 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (gods, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:52
# text = But where are thy gods that thou hast made thee?
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	2	cc	_	_
2	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	cop	_	_
4	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	gods	god	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	obj	_	_
7	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	9	nsubj	_	_
8	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	9	iobj	_	_
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: yes/no question
- act: ask
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | thy gods |  |  |  |  | where *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present · perfect | thou | thy gods | thee |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset thou=Beneficiary that=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְאַיֵּ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂ֣יתָ לָּ֔ךְ יָק֕וּמוּ אִם־יוֹשִׁיע֖וּךָ בְּעֵ֣ת רָעָתֶ֑ךָ כִּ֚י מִסְפַּ֣ר עָרֶ֔יךָ הָי֥וּ אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ יְהוּדָֽה׃ס

[Jeremiah 2:28: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.2.28/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. **But where are thy gods that thou hast made thee?**
2. [Let them arise, if they can save thee in the time of thy trouble; for according to the number of thy cities are thy gods, O Judah.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.53/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:52` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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