---
title: Jeremiah 19:13 (JPS 1917) — and the houses of Jerusalem, and the houses of the kings of Judah, w… · tree and pragmatics
description: and the houses of Jerusalem, and the houses of the kings of Judah, which are defiled, shall be as the place of Topheth, even all the houses upon whose roofs they have offered unto all the host of heaven, and have poured out drink-offerings unto other gods. Who acts: houses. Jeremiah 19:13 in JPS 191
---

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# Jeremiah 19:13 · JPS 1917

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and the houses of Jerusalem, and the houses of the kings of Judah, which are defiled, shall be as the place of Topheth, even all the houses upon whose roofs they have offered unto all the host of heaven, and have poured out drink-offerings unto other gods.

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**Who acts:** houses · **What happens:** defile, be, offer, pour out · **To what, where:** kings, drink offerings

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Jeremiah 19:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (houses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:545
# text = and the houses of Jerusalem, and the houses of the kings of Judah, which are defiled, shall be as the place of Topheth, even all the houses upon whose roofs they have offered unto all the host of heaven, and have poured out drink-offerings unto other gods.
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	houses	house	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	houses	house	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	defiled	defile	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl:relcl	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
20	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
21	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	cop	_	_
22	as	as	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	Topheth	Topheth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
28	even	even	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
29	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	31	det:predet	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	houses	house	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nmod	_	_
32	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	roofs	roof	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	obl	_	_
35	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	nsubj	_	_
36	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	37	aux	_	_
37	offered	offer	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	31	acl:relcl	_	_
38	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
39	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	41	det:predet	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	host	host	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	_
42	of	of	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
43	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	nmod	_	_
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	47	punct	_	_
45	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	47	cc	_	_
46	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	47	aux	_	_
47	poured	pour	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	37	conj	_	_
48	out	out	ADP	RP	_	47	compound:prt	_	_
49	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	51	compound	_	_
50	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	49	punct	_	_
51	offerings	offering	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	47	obj	_	_
52	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	54	case	_	_
53	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	54	amod	_	_
54	gods	god	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	47	obl	_	_
55	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	24	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **defile** | present · passive |  | the kings of Judah |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | shall | the houses of Jerusalem and the houses of the kings of Judah |  |  |  |  | as the place; of Topheth; all houses *nmod* | tree rules |
| 3 | **offer** | present · perfect | houses *= house* |  |  |  |  | upon roofs; unto all host of heaven | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **pour out** | present · perfect | houses *= house* *not said here* | drink offerings |  |  |  | unto other gods | vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent offering=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְהָי֞וּ בָּתֵּ֣י יְרוּשָׁלִַ֗ם וּבָתֵּי֙ מַלְכֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה כִּמְק֥וֹם הַתֹּ֖פֶת הַטְּמֵאִ֑ים לְכֹ֣ל הַבָּתִּ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר קִטְּר֜וּ עַל־גַּגֹּֽתֵיהֶם֙ לְכֹל֙ צְבָ֣א הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וְהַסֵּ֥ךְ נְסָכִ֖ים לֵאלֹהִ֥ים אֲחֵרִֽים׃פ

[Jeremiah 19:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.19.13/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:545` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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