--- title: Jeremiah 19:15 (JPS 1917) — 'Thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: Behold, I will bri… · tree and pragmatics description: 'Thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: Behold, I will bring upon this city and upon all her towns all the evil that I have pronounced against it; because they have made their neck stiff, that they might not hear My words.' Who acts: LORD, I, hosts, My. 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, I, hosts, My), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JER:547 # text = 'Thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: Behold, I will bring upon this city and upon all her towns all the evil that I have pronounced against it; because they have made their neck stiff, that they might not hear My words.' 1 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 3 punct _ _ 2 Thus thus ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 3 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 hosts host NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nmod _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 appos _ _ 11 of of ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _ 13 : : PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 14 Behold behold INTJ UH _ 18 discourse _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 16 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 17 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 18 aux _ _ 18 bring bring VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 ccomp _ _ 19 upon upon ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 21 det _ _ 21 city city NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 23 upon upon ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 24 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 26 det:predet _ _ 25 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ _ 26 towns town NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 conj _ _ 27 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 29 det:predet _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 evil evil NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 30 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 33 obj _ _ 31 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 33 nsubj _ _ 32 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 33 aux _ _ 33 pronounced pronounce VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 29 acl:relcl _ _ 34 against against ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 obl _ _ 36 ; ; PUNCT : _ 40 punct _ _ 37 because because SCONJ IN _ 40 mark _ _ 38 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 40 nsubj _ _ 39 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 40 aux _ _ 40 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 18 advcl _ _ 41 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 42 nmod:poss _ _ 42 neck neck NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 obj _ _ 43 stiff stiff ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 40 xcomp _ _ 44 , , PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 45 that that SCONJ IN _ 49 mark _ _ 46 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 49 nsubj _ _ 47 might might AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 49 aux _ _ 48 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 49 advmod _ _ 49 hear hear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 40 advcl _ _ 50 My my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 51 nmod:poss _ _ 51 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 49 obj _ _ 52 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ 53 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD of hosts | | | | | thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **bring** | future | I | all evil | | | | upon this city and Israel's towns | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent evil=Theme | | 3 | **pronounce** | present · perfect | I | all evil | | | | against city | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme | | 4 | **make** | present · perfect | hosts *= host* | hosts's neck | | | | stiff *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset neck=Product | | 5 | **not** **hear** | might | hosts *= host* | My words | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer word=Stimulus | | 6 | **word** | | My | | | | | | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר יְהוָ֤ה צְבָאוֹת֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הִנְנִ֨י מֵבִ֜יא אֶל־הָעִ֤יר הַזֹּאת֙ וְעַל־כָּל־עָרֶ֔יהָ אֵ֚ת כָּל־הָ֣רָעָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבַּ֖רְתִּי עָלֶ֑יהָ כִּ֤י הִקְשׁוּ֙ אֶת־עָרְפָּ֔ם לְבִלְתִּ֖י שְׁמ֥וֹעַ אֶת־דְּבָרָֽי׃ [Jeremiah 19:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.19.15/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:547` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 19:14 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.546/) - next →: [Jeremiah 20:1 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.548/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 19:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.19.15/)