--- title: Jeremiah 20:4 (JPS 1917) — For thus saith the LORD: Behold, I will make thee a terror to thysel… · tree and pragmatics description: For thus saith the LORD: Behold, I will make thee a terror to thyself, and to all thy friends; and they shall fall by the sword of their enemies, and thine eyes shall behold it; and I will give all Judah into the hand of the king of Babylon, and he shall carry them captive to Babylon, and shall slay --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.552/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/20/) / [20:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.20.4/) / JPS 1 # Jeremiah 20:4 · JPS 1917 For thus saith the LORD: Behold, I will make thee a terror to thyself, and to all thy friends; and they shall fall by the sword of their enemies, and thine eyes shall behold it; and I will give all Judah into the hand of the king of Babylon, and he shall carry them captive to Babylon, and shall slay them with the sword. **Who acts:** LORD, I, friends, eyes · **What happens:** say, make, fall, behold, give, carry · **To what, where:** thee, sword, Judah, hand, eyes, Babylon · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Jeremiah 20:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, I, friends, eyes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JER:552 # text = For thus saith the LORD: Behold, I will make thee a terror to thyself, and to all thy friends; and they shall fall by the sword of their enemies, and thine eyes shall behold it; and I will give all Judah into the hand of the king of Babylon, and he shall carry them captive to Babylon, and shall slay them with the sword. 1 For for SCONJ IN _ 3 mark _ _ 2 thus thus ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 3 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 6 : : PUNCT : _ 3 punct _ _ 7 Behold behold INTJ UH _ 11 discourse _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 9 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ _ 10 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 11 aux _ _ 11 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 ccomp _ _ 12 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 11 obj _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 terror terror NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 xcomp _ _ 15 to to ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 thyself thyself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes|Style=Arch 14 nmod _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 19 to to ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 20 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 22 det:predet _ _ 21 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 22 nmod:poss _ _ 22 friends friend NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 conj _ _ 23 ; ; PUNCT : _ 27 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 25 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 26 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 27 aux _ _ 27 fall fall VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 conj _ _ 28 by by ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 sword sword NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 31 of of ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 33 nmod:poss _ _ 33 enemies enemy NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nmod _ _ 34 , , PUNCT , _ 39 punct _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 36 thine thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 37 nmod:poss _ _ 37 eyes eye NOUN NNS Number=Plur 39 nsubj _ _ 38 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 39 aux _ _ 39 behold behold VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 conj _ _ 40 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 obj _ _ 41 ; ; PUNCT : _ 45 punct _ _ 42 and and CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 43 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 45 nsubj _ _ 44 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 45 aux _ _ 45 give give VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 conj _ _ 46 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 47 det _ _ 47 Judah Judah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 45 obj _ _ 48 into into ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 49 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 50 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 obl _ _ 51 of of ADP IN _ 53 case _ _ 52 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 53 det _ _ 53 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 50 nmod _ _ 54 of of ADP IN _ 55 case _ _ 55 Babylon Babylon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 53 nmod _ _ 56 , , PUNCT , _ 60 punct _ _ 57 and and CCONJ CC _ 60 cc _ _ 58 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 60 nsubj _ _ 59 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 60 aux _ _ 60 carry carry VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 conj _ _ 61 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 60 obj _ _ 62 captive captive ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 60 xcomp _ _ 63 to to ADP IN _ 64 case _ _ 64 Babylon Babylon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 60 obl _ _ 65 , , PUNCT , _ 68 punct _ _ 66 and and CCONJ CC _ 68 cc _ _ 67 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 68 aux _ _ 68 slay slay VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 60 conj _ _ 69 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 68 obj _ _ 70 with with ADP IN _ 72 case _ _ 71 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 72 det _ _ 72 sword sword NOUN NN Number=Sing 68 obl _ _ 73 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: warn - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=warn, voice=character | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD | | | | | thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **make** | future | I | thee | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thou=Product | | 3 | **fall** | shall | friends *= friend* | | | | | by the sword of friends's enemies | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by sword=Location | | 4 | **behold** | shall | thine eyes | sword | | | | | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus | | 5 | **give** | future | I | all Judah | | the hand of the king of Babylon | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent judah=Theme | | 6 | **carry** | shall | LORD | eyes *= eye* | Babylon | | | captive *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme to babylon=Destination | | 7 | **slay** | shall | LORD *not said here* | eyes *= eye* | | | | with the sword | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent they=Patient with sword=Instrument | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} כִּ֣י כֹ֣ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֡ה הִנְנִי֩ נֹתֶנְךָ֨לְמָג֜וֹר לְךָ֣ וּלְכָל־אֹהֲבֶ֗יךָ וְנָֽפְל֛וּ בְּחֶ֥רֶב אֹיְבֵיהֶ֖ם וְעֵינֶ֣יךָ רֹא֑וֹת וְאֶת־כָּל־יְהוּדָ֗ה אֶתֵּן֙ בְּיַ֣ד מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֔ל וְהִגְלָ֥ם בָּבֶ֖לָה וְהִכָּ֥ם בֶּחָֽרֶב׃ [Jeremiah 20:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.20.4/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:552` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 20:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.551/) - next →: [Jeremiah 20:5 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.553/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 20:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.20.4/)