--- title: Jeremiah 20:10 (JPS 1917) — For I have heard the whispering of many, terror on every side: 'Deno… · tree and pragmatics description: For I have heard the whispering of many, terror on every side: 'Denounce, and we will denounce him'; even of all my familiar friends, them that watch for my halting: 'Peradventure he will be enticed, and we shall prevail against him, and we shall take our revenge on him.' Who acts: I, we, our. 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, we, our), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JER:558 # text = For I have heard the whispering of many, terror on every side: 'Denounce, and we will denounce him'; even of all my familiar friends, them that watch for my halting: 'Peradventure he will be enticed, and we shall prevail against him, and we shall take our revenge on him.' 1 For for SCONJ IN _ 4 mark _ _ 2 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 3 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 4 heard hear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 whispering whispering NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 nmod _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 10 terror terror NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 appos _ _ 11 on on ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 13 det _ _ 13 side side NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _ 14 : : PUNCT : _ 16 punct _ _ 15 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 16 punct _ _ 16 Denounce denounce VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 parataxis _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 19 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 21 nsubj _ _ 20 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 21 aux _ _ 21 denounce denounce VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 conj _ _ 22 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 obj _ _ 23 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 21 punct _ _ 24 ; ; PUNCT : _ 30 punct _ _ 25 even even ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 26 of of ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 27 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 30 det:predet _ _ 28 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ _ 29 familiar familiar ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 friends friend NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 obl _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 32 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 appos _ _ 33 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 34 nsubj _ _ 34 watch watch VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 acl:relcl _ _ 35 for for ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 37 nmod:poss _ _ 37 halting halting NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obl _ _ 38 : : PUNCT : _ 44 punct _ _ 39 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 40 punct _ _ 40 Peradventure peradventure ADV RB _ 44 advmod _ _ 41 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 44 nsubj:pass _ _ 42 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 44 aux _ _ 43 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 44 aux:pass _ _ 44 enticed entice VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 parataxis _ _ 45 , , PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 46 and and CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 47 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 49 nsubj _ _ 48 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 49 aux _ _ 49 prevail prevail VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 44 conj _ _ 50 against against ADP IN _ 51 case _ _ 51 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 49 obl _ _ 52 , , PUNCT , _ 56 punct _ _ 53 and and CCONJ CC _ 56 cc _ _ 54 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 56 nsubj _ _ 55 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 56 aux _ _ 56 take take VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 49 conj _ _ 57 our our PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 58 nmod:poss _ _ 58 revenge revenge NOUN NN Number=Sing 56 obj _ _ 59 on on ADP IN _ 60 case _ _ 60 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 56 obl _ _ 61 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ 62 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed form=decl, act=narrate | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hear** | present · perfect | I | the whispering of many | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer whispering=Stimulus | | 2 | **denounce** | infinitive | | | | | | | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **denounce** | future | we | LORD | | | | of my familiar friends | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | | 4 | **watch** | present | | | | | | for my halting | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.theme NP.location»: agent=Agent for halting=Theme | | 5 | **entice** | future · passive | | LORD | | | | peradventure *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer | | 6 | **prevail** | shall | we | | | | | against LORD | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against he=Location | | 7 | **take** | shall | we | our revenge | | | | on LORD | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent revenge=Theme on he=Destination | | 8 | **revenge** | | our | | | | | | nom revenge «act transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} כִּ֣י שָׁמַ֜עְתִּי דִּבַּ֣ת רַבִּים֮ מָג֣וֹר מִסָּבִיב֒ הַגִּ֙ידוּ֙ וְנַגִּידֶ֔נּוּ כֹּ֚ל אֱנ֣וֹשׁ שְׁלוֹמִ֔י שֹׁמְרֵ֖י צַלְעִ֑י אוּלַ֤י יְפֻתֶּה֙ וְנ֣וּכְלָה ל֔וֹ וְנִקְחָ֥ה נִקְמָתֵ֖נוּ מִמֶּֽנּוּ׃ [Jeremiah 20:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.20.10/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:558` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 20:9 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.557/) - next →: [Jeremiah 20:11 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.559/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 20:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.20.10/)