---
title: Jeremiah 23:15 (JPS 1917) — Therefore thus saith the LORD of hosts concerning the prophets: Beho… · tree and pragmatics
description: Therefore thus saith the LORD of hosts concerning the prophets: Behold, I will feed them with wormwood, and make them drink the water of gall; for from the prophets of Jerusalem is ungodliness gone forth into all the land. Who acts: LORD, I, prophets, ungodliness. Jeremiah 23:15 in JPS 1917 with its
---

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# Jeremiah 23:15 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Therefore thus saith the LORD of hosts concerning the prophets: Behold, I will feed them with wormwood, and make them drink the water of gall; for from the prophets of Jerusalem is ungodliness gone forth into all the land.

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**Who acts:** LORD, I, prophets, ungodliness · **What happens:** say, feed, make, drink, go · **To what, where:** prophets, water · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Jeremiah 23:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, I, prophets, ungodliness), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:631
# text = Therefore thus saith the LORD of hosts concerning the prophets: Behold, I will feed them with wormwood, and make them drink the water of gall; for from the prophets of Jerusalem is ungodliness gone forth into all the land.
1	Therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	hosts	host	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	concerning	concern	ADP	VBG	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
12	Behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	16	discourse	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
14	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
15	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	feed	feed	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
17	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	_
18	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	wormwood	wormwood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	conj	_	_
23	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obj	_	_
24	drink	drink	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	xcomp	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	gall	gall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
29	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	38	punct	_	_
30	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	38	mark	_	_
31	from	from	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	obl	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	_
36	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	38	aux	_	_
37	ungodliness	ungodliness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	nsubj	_	_
38	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	_
39	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	38	advmod	_	_
40	into	into	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
41	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	43	det:predet	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	_
44	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: warn
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character, act=warn

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD of hosts |  |  |  |  | concern the prophets; therefore, thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **feed** | future | I | prophets *= prophet* |  |  |  | with wormwood | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient |
| 3 | **make** | infinitive | I *not said here* | prophets *= prophet* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **drink** | infinitive | prophets *= prophet* *not said here* | the water of gall |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient |
| 5 | **go** | present · passive | ungodliness |  |  | the prophets of Jerusalem |  | into all land; forth *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme from prophet=Initial\_Location into land=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
לָכֵ֞ן כֹּֽה־אָמַ֨ר יְהוָ֤ה צְבָאוֹת֙ עַל־הַנְּבִאִ֔ים הִנְנִ֨י מַאֲכִ֤יל אוֹתָם֙ לַֽעֲנָ֔ה וְהִשְׁקִתִ֖ים מֵי־רֹ֑אשׁ כִּ֗י מֵאֵת֙ נְבִיאֵ֣י יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם יָצְאָ֥ה חֲנֻפָּ֖ה לְכָל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃פ

[Jeremiah 23:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.23.15/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:631` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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