--- title: Jeremiah 23:32 (JPS 1917) — Behold, I am against them that prophesy lying dreams, saith the LORD… · tree and pragmatics description: Behold, I am against them that prophesy lying dreams, saith the LORD, and do tell them, and cause My people to err by their lies, and by their wantonness; yet I sent them not, nor commanded them; neither can they profit this people at all, saith the LORD. Who acts: I, LORD, people, words. 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, LORD, people, words), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JER:652 # text = Behold, I am against them that prophesy lying dreams, saith the LORD, and do tell them, and cause My people to err by their lies, and by their wantonness; yet I sent them not, nor commanded them; neither can they profit this people at all, saith the LORD. 1 Behold behold INTJ UH _ 6 discourse _ _ 2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 3 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ _ 4 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 5 against against ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 0 root _ _ 7 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 8 nsubj _ _ 8 prophesy prophesy VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 acl:relcl _ _ 9 lying lie VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 10 amod _ _ 10 dreams dream NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obj _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 12 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 17 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 aux _ _ 18 tell tell VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 conj _ _ 19 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 obj _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 cause cause VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 conj _ _ 23 My my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ _ 24 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obj _ _ 25 to to PART TO _ 26 mark _ _ 26 err err VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 xcomp _ _ 27 by by ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ _ 29 lies lie NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 obl _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 32 by by ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 34 nmod:poss _ _ 34 wantonness wantonness NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 conj _ _ 35 ; ; PUNCT : _ 38 punct _ _ 36 yet yet CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 37 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 38 nsubj _ _ 38 sent send VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 39 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 obj _ _ 40 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 38 advmod _ _ 41 , , PUNCT , _ 43 punct _ _ 42 nor nor CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 43 cc _ _ 43 commanded command VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 38 conj _ _ 44 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 43 obj _ _ 45 ; ; PUNCT : _ 49 punct _ _ 46 neither neither CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 49 cc _ _ 47 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 49 aux _ _ 48 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 49 nsubj _ _ 49 profit profit VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 conj _ _ 50 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 51 det _ _ 51 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 49 obj _ _ 52 at at ADV RB _ 53 advmod _ _ 53 all all ADV RB _ 49 advmod _ _ 54 , , PUNCT , _ 55 punct _ _ 55 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 49 parataxis _ _ 56 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 57 det _ _ 57 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 55 nsubj _ _ 58 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: changed voice=character, polarity=neg | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | I | | | | | against words *= word* | tree rules | | 2 | **prophesy** | present | | lying dreams | | | | | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dream=Theme | | 3 | **lie** | gerund | | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present · do-support | | | words *= word* | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient | | 6 | **cause** | infinitive | | My people | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **err** | to-infinitive | My people *not said here* | | | | | by words's lies and words's wantonness | tree rules | | 8 | **not** **send** | past | I | words *= word* | | | | | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | | 9 | **command** | past | I *not said here* | words *= word* | | | | | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent they=Eventuality | | 10 | **profit** | can | words *= word* | | this people | | | all *property* | vn benefit-72.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer people=Beneficiary | | 11 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 12 | **lie** | | words *= word* | | | | | | nom lie «communication intransitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} הִ֠נְנִי עַֽל־נִבְּאֵ֞י חֲלֹמ֥וֹת שֶׁ֙קֶר֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה וַֽיְסַפְּרוּם֙ וַיַּתְע֣וּ אֶת־עַמִּ֔י בְּשִׁקְרֵיהֶ֖ם וּבְפַחֲזוּתָ֑ם וְאָנֹכִ֨י לֹֽא־שְׁלַחְתִּ֜ים וְלֹ֣א צִוִּיתִ֗ים וְהוֹעֵ֛יל לֹֽא־יוֹעִ֥ילוּ לָֽעָם־הַזֶּ֖ה נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃ [Jeremiah 23:32: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.23.32/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:652` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 23:31 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.651/) - next →: [Jeremiah 23:33 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.653/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 23:32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.23.32/)