---
title: Jeremiah 25:24 (JPS 1917) — and all the kings of Arabia, and all the kings of the mingled people… · tree and pragmatics
description: and all the kings of Arabia, and all the kings of the mingled people that dwell in the wilderness; Who acts: mingled people. Jeremiah 25:24 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jeremiah 25:24 · JPS 1917

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and all the kings of Arabia, and all the kings of the mingled people that dwell in the wilderness;

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**Who acts:** mingled people · **What happens:** mingle, dwell · **To what, where:** wilderness

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This is Jeremiah 25:24 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mingled people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:695
# text = and all the kings of Arabia, and all the kings of the mingled people that dwell in the wilderness;
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	4	det:predet	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Arabia	Arabia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	11	det:predet	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	mingled	mingle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	amod	_	_
15	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
16	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
17	dwell	dwell	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	acl:relcl	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mingle** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **dwell** | present | the mingled people |  |  | the wilderness |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in wilderness=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְאֵ֖ת כָּל־מַלְכֵ֣י עֲרָ֑ב וְאֵת֙ כָּל־מַלְכֵ֣י הָעֶ֔רֶב הַשֹּׁכְנִ֖ים בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃

[Jeremiah 25:24: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.25.24/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:695` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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