--- title: Jeremiah 25:28 (JPS 1917) — And it shall be, if they refuse to take the cup at thy hand to drink… · tree and pragmatics description: And it shall be, if they refuse to take the cup at thy hand to drink, then shalt thou say unto them: Thus saith the LORD of hosts: Ye shall surely drink. Who acts: kingdoms, thou, LORD, Ye. Jeremiah 25:28 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.699/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/25/) / [25:28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.25.28/) / JPS 1 # Jeremiah 25:28 · JPS 1917 And it shall be, if they refuse to take the cup at thy hand to drink, then shalt thou say unto them: Thus saith the LORD of hosts: Ye shall surely drink. **Who acts:** kingdoms, thou, LORD, Ye · **What happens:** refuse, not take, drink, say · **To what, where:** cup, hand · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Jeremiah 25:28 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (kingdoms, thou, LORD, Ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JER:699 # text = And it shall be, if they refuse to take the cup at thy hand to drink, then shalt thou say unto them: Thus saith the LORD of hosts: Ye shall surely drink. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 2 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 3 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 4 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 6 if if SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _ 7 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nsubj _ _ 8 refuse refuse VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 advcl _ _ 9 to to PART TO _ 10 mark _ _ 10 take take VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 xcomp _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 cup cup NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 13 at at ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 15 nmod:poss _ _ 15 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 16 to to PART TO _ 17 mark _ _ 17 drink drink VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 advcl _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 19 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 22 advmod _ _ 20 shalt shall AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 21 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 22 nsubj _ _ 22 say say VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 parataxis _ _ 23 unto unto ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obl _ _ 25 : : PUNCT : _ 27 punct _ _ 26 Thus thus ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 27 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 parataxis _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ _ 30 of of ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 hosts host NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 nmod _ _ 32 : : PUNCT : _ 36 punct _ _ 33 Ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 36 nsubj _ _ 34 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 36 aux _ _ 35 surely surely ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ _ 36 drink drink VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 27 ccomp _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed voice=character, act=assert | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **refuse** | present | kingdoms *= kingdom* | | | | | | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 2 | **not** **take** | to-infinitive | kingdoms *= kingdom* *not said here* | the cup | | thy hand | | | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent cup=Theme at hand=Asset | | 3 | **drink** | to-infinitive | kingdoms *= kingdom* *not said here* | | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | shall | thou | | | | then | unto kingdoms *= kingdom* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD of hosts | | | | | thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 6 | **drink** | shall | Ye | | | | | surely *property* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְהָיָ֗ה כִּ֧י יְמָאֲנ֛וּ לָקַֽחַת־הַכּ֥וֹס מִיָּדְךָ֖ לִשְׁתּ֑וֹת וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם כֹּ֥ה אָמַ֛ר יְהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת שָׁת֥וֹ תִשְׁתּֽוּ׃ [Jeremiah 25:28: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.25.28/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:699` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 25:27 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.698/) - next →: [Jeremiah 25:29 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.700/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 25:28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.25.28/)