---
title: Jeremiah 25:31 (JPS 1917) — A noise is come even to the end of the earth; for the LORD hath a co… · tree and pragmatics
description: A noise is come even to the end of the earth; for the LORD hath a controversy with the nations, He doth plead with all flesh; as for the wicked, He hath given them to the sword, saith the LORD. Who acts: LORD. Jeremiah 25:31 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jeremiah 25:31 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A noise is come even to the end of the earth; for the LORD hath a controversy with the nations, He doth plead with all flesh; as for the wicked, He hath given them to the sword, saith the LORD.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** LORD · **What happens:** come, have, plead, give, say · **To what, where:** noise, controversy, nations, sword · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Jeremiah 25:31 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:703
# text = A noise is come even to the end of the earth; for the LORD hath a controversy with the nations, He doth plead with all flesh; as for the wicked, He hath given them to the sword, saith the LORD.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	noise	noise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	even	even	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
13	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	advcl	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	controversy	controversy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	nations	nation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nmod	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
24	doth	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	plead	plead	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
26	with	with	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	28	det	_	_
28	flesh	flesh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
29	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	37	punct	_	_
30	as	as	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
31	for	for	ADP	IN	_	30	fixed	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	wicked	wicked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	obl	_	_
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
35	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	nsubj	_	_
36	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	37	aux	_	_
37	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	parataxis	_	_
38	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	obj	_	_
39	to	to	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	_
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
43	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	37	parataxis	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
45	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	43	nsubj	_	_
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present · passive |  | a noise |  |  | to the end of the earth |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **have** | present | the LORD | a controversy |  |  |  | with the nations | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent controversy=Patient |
| 3 | **plead** *speech: request* | present · do-support | LORD |  |  |  |  | with all flesh | tree rules |
| 4 | **give** | present · perfect | LORD | nations *= nation* | the sword |  |  | as the wicked | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Theme to sword=Recipient |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
בָּ֤א שָׁאוֹן֙ עַד־קְצֵ֣ה הָאָ֔רֶץ כִּ֣י רִ֤יב לַֽיהוָה֙ בַּגּוֹיִ֔ם נִשְׁפָּ֥ט ה֖וּא לְכָל־בָּשָׂ֑ר הָרְשָׁעִ֛ים נְתָנָ֥ם לַחֶ֖רֶב נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃ס

[Jeremiah 25:31: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.25.31/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:703` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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