---
title: Jeremiah 29:3 (JPS 1917) — by the hand of Elasah the son of Shaphan, and Gemariah the son of Hi… · tree and pragmatics
description: by the hand of Elasah the son of Shaphan, and Gemariah the son of Hilkiah, whom Zedekiah king of Judah sent unto Babylon to Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, saying: Who acts: Zedekiah king. Jeremiah 29:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.778/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/29/) / [29:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.29.3/) / JPS 1

# Jeremiah 29:3 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by the hand of Elasah the son of Shaphan, and Gemariah the son of Hilkiah, whom Zedekiah king of Judah sent unto Babylon to Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, saying:

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Zedekiah king · **What happens:** send, say · **To what, where:** Gemariah, Nebuchadnezzar king · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Jeremiah 29:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Zedekiah king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:778
# text = by the hand of Elasah the son of Shaphan, and Gemariah the son of Hilkiah, whom Zedekiah king of Judah sent unto Babylon to Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, saying:
1	by	by	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Elasah	Elasah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Shaphan	Shaphan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	Gemariah	Gemariah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Hilkiah	Hilkiah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
18	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	23	obj	_	_
19	Zedekiah	Zedekiah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
23	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
24	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	Babylon	Babylon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
26	to	to	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	Nebuchadnezzar	Nebuchadnezzar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	compound	_	_
28	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	Babylon	Babylon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
32	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	23	advcl	_	_
33	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	32	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | Zedekiah king of Judah | Gemariah | Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon |  |  | unto Babylon | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent whom=Theme to king=Destination |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | Zedekiah king of Judah *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
בְּיַד֙ אֶלְעָשָׂ֣ה בֶן־שָׁפָ֔ן וּגְמַרְיָ֖ה בֶּן־חִלְקִיָּ֑ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר שָׁלַ֜ח צִדְקִיָּ֣ה מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֗ה אֶל־נְבוּכַדְנֶאצַּ֛ר מֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶ֖ל בָּבֶ֥לָה לֵאמֹֽר׃ס

[Jeremiah 29:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.29.3/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:778` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Jeremiah 29:2 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.777/)
- next →: [Jeremiah 29:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.779/)
- ↑ back to [Jeremiah 29:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.29.3/)