---
title: Jeremiah 3:8 (JPS 1917) — And I saw, when, forasmuch as backsliding Israel had committed adult… · tree and pragmatics
description: And I saw, when, forasmuch as backsliding Israel had committed adultery, I had put her away and given her a bill of divorcement, that yet treacherous Judah her sister feared not; but she also went and played the harlot; Who acts: I, backsliding Israel, treacherous Judah, Israel. Jeremiah 3:8 in JPS 
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.80/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/3/) / [3:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.3.8/) / JPS 1

# Jeremiah 3:8 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And I saw, when, forasmuch as backsliding Israel had committed adultery, I had put her away and given her a bill of divorcement, that yet treacherous Judah her sister feared not; but she also went and played the harlot;

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, backsliding Israel, treacherous Judah, Israel · **What happens:** see, commit, put away, give, not fear, go · **To what, where:** adultery, Israel, bill, harlot, divorcement

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Jeremiah 3:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, backsliding Israel, treacherous Judah, Israel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:80
# text = And I saw, when, forasmuch as backsliding Israel had committed adultery, I had put her away and given her a bill of divorcement, that yet treacherous Judah her sister feared not; but she also went and played the harlot;
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
5	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	17	mark	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	forasmuch	forasmuch	ADV	RB	_	12	mark	_	_
8	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	7	fixed	_	_
9	backsliding	backslide	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	committed	commit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	17	advcl	_	_
13	adultery	adultery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
15	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	ccomp	_	_
18	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	away	away	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	17	conj	_	_
22	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	iobj	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	bill	bill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	divorcement	divorcement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
28	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	34	mark	_	_
29	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
30	treacherous	treacherous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	nsubj	_	_
32	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	33	nmod:poss	_	_
33	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	appos	_	_
34	feared	fear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	ccomp	_	_
35	not	not	ADV	RB	Polarity=Neg	34	advmod	_	_
36	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	40	punct	_	_
37	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
38	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	40	nsubj	_	_
39	also	also	ADV	RB	_	40	advmod	_	_
40	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
41	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
42	played	play	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	40	conj	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	harlot	harlot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	obj	_	_
45	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **commit** | past · perfect | backsliding Israel | adultery |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent adultery=Theme |
| 3 | **put away** | past · perfect | I | Israel |  |  |  | away *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **give** | participle | I *not said here* | a bill of divorcement | Israel |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent she=Recipient bill=Theme |
| 5 | **not** **fear** | past | treacherous Judah |  |  |  |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 6 | **go** | past | Israel |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **play** | past | Israel *not said here* | the harlot |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent harlot=Theme |
| 8 | **bill** |  |  | divorcement |  |  |  |  | nom bill «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וָאֵ֗רֶא כִּ֤י עַל־כָּל־אֹדוֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נִֽאֲפָה֙ מְשֻׁבָ֣ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שִׁלַּחְתִּ֕יהָ וָאֶתֵּ֛ן אֶת־סֵ֥פֶר כְּרִיתֻתֶ֖יהָ אֵלֶ֑יהָ וְלֹ֨א יָֽרְאָ֜ה בֹּֽגֵדָ֤ה יְהוּדָה֙ אֲחוֹתָ֔הּ וַתֵּ֖לֶךְ וַתִּ֥זֶן גַּם־הִֽיא׃

[Jeremiah 3:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.3.8/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:80` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Jeremiah 3:7 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.79/)
- next →: [Jeremiah 3:9 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.81/)
- ↑ back to [Jeremiah 3:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.3.8/)