---
title: Jeremiah 29:25 (JPS 1917) — Thus speaketh the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, saying: Because… · tree and pragmatics
description: Thus speaketh the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, saying: Because thou hast sent letters in thine own name unto all the people that are at Jerusalem, and to Zephaniah the son of Maaseiah the priest, and to all the priests, saying: Who acts: LORD, thou, people, thine. Jeremiah 29:25 in JPS 1917 wit
---

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# Jeremiah 29:25 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thus speaketh the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, saying: Because thou hast sent letters in thine own name unto all the people that are at Jerusalem, and to Zephaniah the son of Maaseiah the priest, and to all the priests, saying:

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** LORD, thou, people, thine · **What happens:** speak, say, send, be, name · **To what, where:** letters, own name, Jerusalem · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Jeremiah 29:25 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, thou, people, thine), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:800
# text = Thus speaketh the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, saying: Because thou hast sent letters in thine own name unto all the people that are at Jerusalem, and to Zephaniah the son of Maaseiah the priest, and to all the priests, saying:
1	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	speaketh	speak	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	hosts	host	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
15	Because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
16	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	18	nsubj	_	_
17	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	ccomp	_	_
19	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	thine	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	23	nmod:poss	_	_
22	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
24	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	27	det:predet	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	_
28	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	31	nsubj	_	_
29	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	cop	_	_
30	at	at	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	acl:relcl	_	_
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
34	to	to	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	Zephaniah	Zephaniah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	conj	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	appos	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	Maaseiah	Maaseiah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	priest	priest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	appos	_	_
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	47	punct	_	_
43	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	47	cc	_	_
44	to	to	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
45	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	47	det:predet	_	_
46	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	47	det	_	_
47	priests	priest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	conj	_	_
48	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
49	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	advcl	_	_
50	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | the LORD of hosts |  |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | the LORD of hosts *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **send** | present · perfect | thou | letters |  | thine own name |  | unto all people and Zephaniah and all priests | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent letter=Theme in name=Destination |
| 4 | **is** | present | all people and Zephaniah and all priests |  |  | Jerusalem |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | thou *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **name** |  | thine |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר יְהוָ֧ה צְבָא֛וֹת אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר יַ֡עַן אֲשֶׁ֣ר אַתָּה֩ שָׁלַ֨חְתָּ בְשִׁמְכָ֜ה סְפָרִ֗ים אֶל־כָּל־הָעָם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בִּירוּשָׁלִַ֔ם וְאֶל־צְפַנְיָ֤ה בֶן־מַֽעֲשֵׂיָה֙ הַכֹּהֵ֔ן וְאֶ֥ל כָּל־הַכֹּהֲנִ֖ים לֵאמֹֽר׃

[Jeremiah 29:25: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.29.25/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:800` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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