---
title: Jeremiah 3:9 (JPS 1917) — and it came to pass through the lightness of her harlotry, that the… · tree and pragmatics
description: and it came to pass through the lightness of her harlotry, that the land was polluted, and she committed adultery with stones and with stocks; Who acts: harlot, Israel. Jeremiah 3:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jeremiah 3:9 · JPS 1917

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and it came to pass through the lightness of her harlotry, that the land was polluted, and she committed adultery with stones and with stocks;

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**Who acts:** harlot, Israel · **What happens:** come, pass, pollute, commit · **To what, where:** lightness, land, adultery

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This is Jeremiah 3:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (harlot, Israel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:81
# text = and it came to pass through the lightness of her harlotry, that the land was polluted, and she committed adultery with stones and with stocks;
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
6	through	through	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	lightness	lightness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	harlotry	harlotry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	polluted	pollute	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	ccomp	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
21	committed	commit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
22	adultery	adultery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
23	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
26	with	with	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	stocks	stock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	conj	_	_
28	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | harlot |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | the lightness of Israel's harlotry |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **pollute** | past · passive |  | the land |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **commit** | past | Israel | adultery |  |  |  | with stones and stocks | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent adultery=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְהָיָה֙ מִקֹּ֣ל זְנוּתָ֔הּ וַתֶּחֱנַ֖ף אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ וַתִּנְאַ֥ף אֶת־הָאֶ֖בֶן וְאֶת־הָעֵֽץ׃

[Jeremiah 3:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.3.9/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:81` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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