---
title: Jeremiah 31:13 (JPS 1917) — Then shall the virgin rejoice in the dance, and the young men and th… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then shall the virgin rejoice in the dance, and the young men and the old together; for I will turn their mourning into joy, and will comfort them, and make them rejoice from their sorrow. Who acts: virgin, I, men. Jeremiah 31:13 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every claus
---

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# Jeremiah 31:13 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then shall the virgin rejoice in the dance, and the young men and the old together; for I will turn their mourning into joy, and will comfort them, and make them rejoice from their sorrow.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** virgin, I, men · **What happens:** rejoice, turn, comfort, make, mourn, sorrow · **To what, where:** dance, mourning, joy, men, sorrow

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This is Jeremiah 31:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (virgin, I, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:845
# text = Then shall the virgin rejoice in the dance, and the young men and the old together; for I will turn their mourning into joy, and will comfort them, and make them rejoice from their sorrow.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
2	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	virgin	virgin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	rejoice	rejoice	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	dance	dance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	_
17	together	together	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
19	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
20	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
21	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	turn	turn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
23	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	mourning	mourning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	into	into	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	joy	joy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
29	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
30	comfort	comfort	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	conj	_	_
31	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	obj	_	_
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
34	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	30	conj	_	_
35	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	obj	_	_
36	rejoice	rejoice	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	34	xcomp	_	_
37	from	from	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	39	nmod:poss	_	_
39	sorrow	sorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obl	_	_
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: character
- polarity: pos
- teacher: changed voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rejoice** | shall | the virgin |  |  | the dance | then | together *property* | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **turn** | future | I | men's mourning |  | joy |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent mourning=Theme into joy=Trajectory |
| 3 | **comfort** | future | I *not said here* | men *= man* |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus they=Experiencer |
| 4 | **make** | infinitive | I *not said here* | men *= man* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **rejoice** | infinitive | men *= man* *not said here* |  |  | men's sorrow |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 6 | **mourn** |  | men *= man* |  |  |  |  |  | nom mourning «state intransitive»: poss=agent |
| 7 | **sorrow** |  | men *= man* |  |  |  |  |  | nom sorrow «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
אָ֣ז תִּשְׂמַ֤ח בְּתוּלָה֙ בְּמָח֔וֹל וּבַחֻרִ֥ים וּזְקֵנִ֖ים יַחְדָּ֑ו וְהָפַכְתִּ֨י אֶבְלָ֤ם לְשָׂשׂוֹן֙ וְנִ֣חַמְתִּ֔ים וְשִׂמַּחְתִּ֖ים מִיגוֹנָֽם׃

[Jeremiah 31:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.31.13/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:845` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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