---
title: Jeremiah 31:35 (JPS 1917) — Thus saith the LORD, Who giveth the sun for a light by day, and the… · tree and pragmatics
description: Thus saith the LORD, Who giveth the sun for a light by day, and the ordinances of the moon and of the stars for a light by night, who stirreth up the sea, that the waves thereof roar, the LORD of hosts is His name: Who acts: LORD, waves, name, night. Jeremiah 31:35 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tr
---

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# Jeremiah 31:35 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thus saith the LORD, Who giveth the sun for a light by day, and the ordinances of the moon and of the stars for a light by night, who stirreth up the sea, that the waves thereof roar, the LORD of hosts is His name:

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** LORD, waves, name, night · **What happens:** say, give, stir up, roar, be, ordain · **To what, where:** sun, sea, LORD, moon · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Jeremiah 31:35 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, waves, name, night), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:870
# text = Thus saith the LORD, Who giveth the sun for a light by day, and the ordinances of the moon and of the stars for a light by night, who stirreth up the sea, that the waves thereof roar, the LORD of hosts is His name:
1	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	giveth	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
13	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	ordinances	ordinance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	moon	moon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	_
26	for	for	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
29	by	by	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
32	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	33	nsubj	_	_
33	stirreth	stir	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
34	up	up	ADP	RP	_	33	compound:prt	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obj	_	_
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
38	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	42	mark	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	nsubj	_	_
41	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	40	advmod	_	_
42	roar	roar	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	33	advcl	_	_
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
45	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	_
46	of	of	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
47	hosts	host	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	45	nmod	_	_
48	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	45	cop	_	_
49	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	50	nmod:poss	_	_
50	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	nsubj	_	_
51	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD |  |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **give** | present | the LORD | the sun and the ordinances of the moon and the stars |  |  | day | for a light by night; for a light | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent sun=Theme for light=Asset |
| 3 | **stir up** | present | the LORD | the sea |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition sea=Patient |
| 4 | **roar** | present | the waves |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **is a** | present | LORD's name | the LORD |  |  |  | of hosts | tree rules |
| 6 | **ordain** |  |  | the moon and the stars |  |  |  |  | nom ordinance «communication transitive»: of=patient |
| 7 | **light** |  | night |  |  |  |  |  | nom light «phenomenon transitive»: by=agent |
| 8 | **name** |  | LORD |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
כֹּ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה נֹתֵ֥ן שֶׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ לְא֣וֹר יוֹמָ֔ם חֻקֹּ֛ת יָרֵ֥חַ וְכוֹכָבִ֖ים לְא֣וֹר לָ֑יְלָה רֹגַ֤ע הַיָּם֙ וַיֶּהֱמ֣וּ גַלָּ֔יו יְהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת שְׁמֽוֹ׃

[Jeremiah 31:35: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.31.35/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:870` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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