---
title: Jeremiah 32:23 (JPS 1917) — and they came in, and possessed it; but they hearkened not to Thy vo… · tree and pragmatics
description: and they came in, and possessed it; but they hearkened not to Thy voice, neither walked in Thy law; they have done nothing of all that Thou commandedst them to do; therefore Thou hast caused all this evil to befall them; Who acts: people, Thou. Jeremiah 32:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and
---

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# Jeremiah 32:23 · JPS 1917

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and they came in, and possessed it; but they hearkened not to Thy voice, neither walked in Thy law; they have done nothing of all that Thou commandedst them to do; therefore Thou hast caused all this evil to befall them;

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**Who acts:** people, Thou · **What happens:** come in, possess, not hearken, walk, do, command · **To what, where:** land, law, nothing, people, evil · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Jeremiah 32:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, Thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:898
# text = and they came in, and possessed it; but they hearkened not to Thy voice, neither walked in Thy law; they have done nothing of all that Thou commandedst them to do; therefore Thou hast caused all this evil to befall them;
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	possessed	possess	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	hearkened	hearken	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	19	cc	_	_
19	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
23	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
24	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
25	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	parataxis	_	_
27	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	26	obj	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	all	all	PRON	DT	PronType=Tot	27	nmod	_	_
30	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	32	obj	_	_
31	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	32	nsubj	_	_
32	commandedst	command	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	acl:relcl	_	_
33	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	obj	_	_
34	to	to	PART	TO	_	35	mark	_	_
35	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	32	xcomp	_	_
36	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	40	punct	_	_
37	therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	40	advmod	_	_
38	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	40	nsubj	_	_
39	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	40	aux	_	_
40	caused	cause	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	parataxis	_	_
41	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	43	det:predet	_	_
42	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	43	det	_	_
43	evil	evil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	obj	_	_
44	to	to	PART	TO	_	45	mark	_	_
45	befall	befall	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	43	acl	_	_
46	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	45	obj	_	_
47	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come in** | past | people |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **possess** | past | people *not said here* | land |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot it=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **hearken** | past | people |  |  |  |  | to Thy voice | tree rules |
| 4 | **walk** | past | people *not said here* |  |  | Thy law |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in law=Trajectory |
| 5 | **do** | present · perfect | people | nothing |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Eventuality |
| 6 | **command** | past | Thou | people |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **do** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Thou *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **cause** | present · perfect | Thou | all evil |  |  |  | therefore *property* | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition evil=Patient |
| 9 | **befall** | to-infinitive | Thou *not said here* | people |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיָּבֹ֜אוּ וַיִּֽרְשׁ֣וּ אֹתָ֗הּ וְלֹֽא־שָׁמְע֤וּ בְקוֹלֶ֙ךָ֙ וּבְתוֹרָתְךָ֣ לֹא־הָלָ֔כוּ אֵת֩ כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֨ר צִוִּ֧יתָה לָהֶ֛ם לַעֲשׂ֖וֹת לֹ֣א עָשׂ֑וּ וַתַּקְרֵ֣א אֹתָ֔ם אֵ֥ת כָּל־הָרָעָ֖ה הַזֹּֽאת׃

[Jeremiah 32:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.32.23/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:898` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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