--- title: Jeremiah 32:24 (JPS 1917) — behold the mounds, they are come unto the city to take it; and the c… · tree and pragmatics description: behold the mounds, they are come unto the city to take it; and the city is given into the hand of the Chaldeans that fight against it, because of the sword, and of the famine, and of the pestilence; and what Thou hast spoken is come to pass; and, behold, Thou seest it. Who acts: mounds, Chaldeans, T --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.899/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jeremiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/) / [chapter 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER/32/) / [32:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.32.24/) / JPS 1 # Jeremiah 32:24 · JPS 1917 behold the mounds, they are come unto the city to take it; and the city is given into the hand of the Chaldeans that fight against it, because of the sword, and of the famine, and of the pestilence; and what Thou hast spoken is come to pass; and, behold, Thou seest it. **Who acts:** mounds, Chaldeans, Thou · **What happens:** behold, come, take, give, fight, speak · **To what, where:** mounds, land, city, hand · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Jeremiah 32:24 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mounds, Chaldeans, Thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JER:899 # text = behold the mounds, they are come unto the city to take it; and the city is given into the hand of the Chaldeans that fight against it, because of the sword, and of the famine, and of the pestilence; and what Thou hast spoken is come to pass; and, behold, Thou seest it. 1 behold behold VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 7 parataxis _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 mounds mound NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 obj _ _ 4 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 5 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ _ 6 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 aux _ _ 7 come come VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 8 unto unto ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 city city NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 11 to to PART TO _ 12 mark _ _ 12 take take VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 advcl _ _ 13 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 obj _ _ 14 ; ; PUNCT : _ 19 punct _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 city city NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nsubj:pass _ _ 18 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 aux:pass _ _ 19 given give VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 conj _ _ 20 into into ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ _ 23 of of ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 Chaldeans chaldean PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 22 nmod _ _ 26 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 27 nsubj _ _ 27 fight fight VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 acl:relcl _ _ 28 against against ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 obl _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 31 because because ADP IN ExtPos=ADP 34 case _ _ 32 of of ADP IN _ 31 fixed _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 sword sword NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 35 , , PUNCT , _ 39 punct _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 37 of of ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 famine famine NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 conj _ _ 40 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 41 and and CCONJ CC _ 44 cc _ _ 42 of of ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 44 pestilence pestilence NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 conj _ _ 45 ; ; PUNCT : _ 52 punct _ _ 46 and and CCONJ CC _ 52 cc _ _ 47 what what PRON WP PronType=Rel 50 obj _ _ 48 Thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 50 nsubj _ _ 49 hast have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 50 aux _ _ 50 spoken speak VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 52 csubj _ _ 51 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 52 aux _ _ 52 come come VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 conj _ _ 53 to to PART TO _ 54 mark _ _ 54 pass pass VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 52 xcomp _ _ 55 ; ; PUNCT : _ 61 punct _ _ 56 and and CCONJ CC _ 61 cc _ _ 57 , , PUNCT , _ 58 punct _ _ 58 behold behold INTJ UH _ 61 discourse _ _ 59 , , PUNCT , _ 58 punct _ _ 60 Thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 61 nsubj _ _ 61 seest see VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 62 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 61 obj _ _ 63 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **behold** | infinitive | | the mounds | | | | | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer mound=Stimulus | | 2 | **come** | present · passive | mounds *= mound* | | | | | unto the city | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **take** | to-infinitive | mounds *= mound* *not said here* | land | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | | 4 | **give** | present · passive | | the city | | the hand of the Chaldeans | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 5 | **fight** | present | the Chaldeans | | | | | against land; because the sword and the famine and the pestilence | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **speak** *speech: other* | present · perfect | Thou | | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **come** | present · passive | mounds *= mound* *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 8 | **pass** | to-infinitive | mounds *= mound* *not said here* | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 9 | **see** | present | Thou | land | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} הִנֵּ֣ה הַסֹּלְל֗וֹת בָּ֣אוּ הָעִיר֮ לְלָכְדָהּ֒ וְהָעִ֣יר נִתְּנָ֗ה בְּיַ֤ד הַכַּשְׂדִּים֙ הַנִּלְחָמִ֣ים עָלֶ֔יהָ מִפְּנֵ֛י הַחֶ֥רֶב וְהָרָעָ֖ב וְהַדָּ֑בֶר וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבַּ֛רְתָּ הָיָ֖ה וְהִנְּךָ֥ רֹאֶֽה׃ [Jeremiah 32:24: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.32.24/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:899` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Jeremiah 32:23 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.898/) - next →: [Jeremiah 32:25 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JER.900/) - ↑ back to [Jeremiah 32:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.32.24/)