---
title: Jeremiah 34:1 (JPS 1917) — The word which came unto Jeremiah from the LORD, when Nebuchadrezzar… · tree and pragmatics
description: The word which came unto Jeremiah from the LORD, when Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon, and all his army, and all the kingdoms of the land of his dominion, and all the peoples, fought against Jerusalem, and against all the cities thereof, saying: Who acts: word, Nebuchadrezzar king. Jeremiah 34:1 in J
---

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# Jeremiah 34:1 · JPS 1917

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The word which came unto Jeremiah from the LORD, when Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon, and all his army, and all the kingdoms of the land of his dominion, and all the peoples, fought against Jerusalem, and against all the cities thereof, saying:

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**Who acts:** word, Nebuchadrezzar king · **What happens:** come, fight, say · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Jeremiah 34:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (word, Nebuchadrezzar king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:947
# text = The word which came unto Jeremiah from the LORD, when Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon, and all his army, and all the kingdoms of the land of his dominion, and all the peoples, fought against Jerusalem, and against all the cities thereof, saying:
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Jeremiah	Jeremiah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	13	mark	_	_
12	Nebuchadrezzar	Nebuchadrezzar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	nsubj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Babylon	Babylon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	20	det:predet	_	_
19	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
23	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	25	det:predet	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	kingdoms	kingdom	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	dominion	dominion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
34	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	36	det:predet	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	peoples	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	_
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
38	fought	fight	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
39	against	against	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	_
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
42	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
43	against	against	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
44	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	46	det:predet	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	conj	_	_
47	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	46	advmod	_	_
48	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
49	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	38	advcl	_	_
50	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	49	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the word |  |  |  |  | unto Jeremiah; from the LORD | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from lord=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **fight** | past | Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon and Babylon's army and all kingdoms of the land of Babylon's dominion and all peoples |  |  |  |  | against Jerusalem and all cities | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon and Babylon's army and all kingdoms of the land of Babylon's dominion and all peoples *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
הַדָּבָ֛ר אֲשֶׁר־הָיָ֥ה אֶֽל־יִרְמְיָ֖הוּ מֵאֵ֣ת יְהוָ֑ה וּנְבוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֣ר מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֣ל ׀ וְכָל־חֵיל֡וֹ וְכָל־מַמְלְכ֣וֹת אֶרֶץ֩ מֶמְשֶׁ֨לֶת יָד֜וֹ וְכָל־הָעַמִּ֗ים נִלְחָמִ֧ים עַל־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֛ם וְעַל־כָּל־עָרֶ֖יהָ לֵאמֹֽר׃

[Jeremiah 34:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.34.1/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:947` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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