---
title: Jeremiah 34:10 (JPS 1917) — and all the princes and all the people hearkened, that had entered i… · tree and pragmatics
description: and all the princes and all the people hearkened, that had entered into the covenant to let every one his man-servant, and every one his maid-servant, go free, and not to make bondmen of them any more; they hearkened, and let them go; Who acts: princes, man servant, bondmen. Jeremiah 34:10 in JPS 19
---

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# Jeremiah 34:10 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
and all the princes and all the people hearkened, that had entered into the covenant to let every one his man-servant, and every one his maid-servant, go free, and not to make bondmen of them any more; they hearkened, and let them go;

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**Who acts:** princes, man servant, bondmen · **What happens:** hearken, enter, let, go, not make · **To what, where:** covenant, man servant, one, bondmen

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Jeremiah 34:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (princes, man servant, bondmen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:956
# text = and all the princes and all the people hearkened, that had entered into the covenant to let every one his man-servant, and every one his maid-servant, go free, and not to make bondmen of them any more; they hearkened, and let them go;
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
2	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	4	det:predet	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	princes	prince	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	8	det:predet	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
9	hearkened	hearken	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
12	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	entered	enter	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	acl:relcl	_	_
14	into	into	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	covenant	covenant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	acl	_	_
19	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	20	det	_	_
20	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	iobj	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
22	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
23	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	22	punct	_	_
24	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	28	det	_	_
28	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	_
29	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
30	maid	maid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	compound	_	_
31	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	30	punct	_	_
32	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
34	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	xcomp	_	_
35	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	xcomp	_	_
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
38	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	40	advmod	_	_
39	to	to	PART	TO	_	40	mark	_	_
40	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	conj	_	_
41	bondmen	bondman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	obj	_	_
42	of	of	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
43	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	41	nmod	_	_
44	any	any	ADV	RB	_	45	advmod	_	_
45	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	40	advmod	_	_
46	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	48	punct	_	_
47	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	48	nsubj	_	_
48	hearkened	hearken	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	parataxis	_	_
49	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	51	punct	_	_
50	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	51	cc	_	_
51	let	let	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	48	conj	_	_
52	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	51	obj	_	_
53	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	51	xcomp	_	_
54	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hearken** | past | all princes and all people |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **enter** | past · perfect | all princes and all people |  |  | the covenant |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into covenant=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **let** | to-infinitive | all princes and all people *not said here* | man's man servant | every one |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **go** | infinitive | man's man servant *not said here* |  |  |  |  | free *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **not** **make** | to-infinitive | all princes and all people *not said here* | bondmen of bondmen |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bondman=Product |
| 6 | **hearken** | past | bondmen *= bondman* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **let** | past | bondmen *= bondman* *not said here* | bondmen *= bondman* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **go** | infinitive | bondmen *= bondman* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּשְׁמְעוּ֩ כָל־הַשָּׂרִ֨ים וְכָל־הָעָ֜ם אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֣אוּ בַבְּרִ֗ית לְ֠שַׁלַּח אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־עַבְדּ֞וֹ וְאִ֤ישׁ אֶת־שִׁפְחָתוֹ֙ חָפְשִׁ֔ים לְבִלְתִּ֥י עֲבָד־בָּ֖ם ע֑וֹד וַֽיִּשְׁמְע֖וּ וַיְשַׁלֵּֽחוּ׃

[Jeremiah 34:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.34.10/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:956` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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