---
title: Jeremiah 34:11 (JPS 1917) — but afterwards they turned, and caused the servants and the handmaid… · tree and pragmatics
description: but afterwards they turned, and caused the servants and the handmaids, whom they had let go free, to return, and brought them into subjection for servants and for handmaids; Who acts: princes, handmaids, servants. Jeremiah 34:11 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause
---

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# Jeremiah 34:11 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
but afterwards they turned, and caused the servants and the handmaids, whom they had let go free, to return, and brought them into subjection for servants and for handmaids;

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** princes, handmaids, servants · **What happens:** turn, cause, let, go, return, bring · **To what, where:** servants, handmaids, princes, subjection

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Jeremiah 34:11 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (princes, handmaids, servants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:957
# text = but afterwards they turned, and caused the servants and the handmaids, whom they had let go free, to return, and brought them into subjection for servants and for handmaids;
1	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	afterwards	afterwards	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
7	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	handmaids	handmaid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	17	obj	_	_
15	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	let	let	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	12	acl:relcl	_	_
18	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	xcomp	_	_
19	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	xcomp	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	return	return	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
26	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	obj	_	_
27	into	into	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	subjection	subjection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
29	for	for	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	for	for	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	handmaids	handmaid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	conj	_	_
34	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | past | princes *= prince* |  |  |  |  | afterwards *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **cause** | past | princes *= prince* *not said here* | the servants and the handmaids |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **let** | past · perfect | princes *= prince* | the handmaids |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **go** | infinitive | the handmaids *not said here* |  |  |  |  | free *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **return** | to-infinitive | the servants and the handmaids *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **bring** | past | princes *= prince* *not said here* | princes *= prince* |  | subjection |  | for servants and handmaids | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme into subjection=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיָּשׁ֙וּבוּ֙ אַחֲרֵי־כֵ֔ן וַיָּשִׁ֗בוּ אֶת־הָֽעֲבָדִים֙ וְאֶת־הַשְּׁפָח֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֥ר שִׁלְּח֖וּ חָפְשִׁ֑ים וַֽיִּכְבְּשׁ֔וּם לַעֲבָדִ֖ים וְלִשְׁפָחֽוֹת׃ס

[Jeremiah 34:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.34.11/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:957` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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