---
title: Jeremiah 34:16 (JPS 1917) — but ye turned and profaned My name, and caused every man his servant… · tree and pragmatics
description: but ye turned and profaned My name, and caused every man his servant, and every man his handmaid, whom ye had let go free at their pleasure, to return; and ye brought them into subjection, to be unto you for servants and for handmaids. Who acts: ye, handmaid, man, My. Jeremiah 34:16 in JPS 1917 with
---

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# Jeremiah 34:16 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
but ye turned and profaned My name, and caused every man his servant, and every man his handmaid, whom ye had let go free at their pleasure, to return; and ye brought them into subjection, to be unto you for servants and for handmaids.

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**Who acts:** ye, handmaid, man, My, handmaids · **What happens:** turn, profane, cause, let, go, return · **To what, where:** name, man, handmaid, pleasure, handmaids, subjection

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This is Jeremiah 34:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ye, handmaid, man, My), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JER:962
# text = but ye turned and profaned My name, and caused every man his servant, and every man his handmaid, whom ye had let go free at their pleasure, to return; and ye brought them into subjection, to be unto you for servants and for handmaids.
1	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	nsubj	_	_
3	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	profaned	profane	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	12	det	_	_
12	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	18	det	_	_
18	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
19	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	handmaid	handmaid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	appos	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	25	obj	_	_
23	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	25	nsubj	_	_
24	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	let	let	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	20	acl:relcl	_	_
26	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	xcomp	_	_
27	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	xcomp	_	_
28	at	at	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	pleasure	pleasure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
32	to	to	PART	TO	_	33	mark	_	_
33	return	return	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
34	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	37	punct	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
36	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	37	nsubj	_	_
37	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
38	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	obj	_	_
39	into	into	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	subjection	subjection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	_
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	47	punct	_	_
42	to	to	PART	TO	_	47	mark	_	_
43	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	47	cop	_	_
44	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
45	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	47	obl	_	_
46	for	for	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
47	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	advcl	_	_
48	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	50	cc	_	_
49	for	for	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
50	handmaids	handmaid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	47	conj	_	_
51	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed polarity=neg, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | past | ye |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **profane** | past | ye *not said here* | My name |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **cause** | past | ye *not said here* | every man and every man |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **let** | past · perfect | ye | man's handmaid |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **go** | infinitive | man's handmaid *not said here* |  |  | handmaids's pleasure |  | free *property* | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme at pleasure=Location |
| 6 | **return** | to-infinitive | every man and every man *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **bring** | past | ye | handmaids *= handmaid* |  | subjection |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme into subjection=Destination |
| 8 | **is** | to-infinitive | ye *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for servants and handmaids; unto you | tree rules |
| 9 | **name** |  | My |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
| 10 | **please** |  | handmaids *= handmaid* |  |  |  |  |  | nom pleasure «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַתָּשֻׁ֙בוּ֙ וַתְּחַלְּל֣וּ אֶת־שְׁמִ֔י וַתָּשִׁ֗בוּ אִ֤ישׁ אֶת־עַבְדּוֹ֙ וְאִ֣ישׁ אֶת־שִׁפְחָת֔וֹ אֲשֶׁר־שִׁלַּחְתֶּ֥ם חָפְשִׁ֖ים לְנַפְשָׁ֑ם וַתִּכְבְּשׁ֣וּ אֹתָ֔ם לִֽהְי֣וֹת לָכֶ֔ם לַעֲבָדִ֖ים וְלִשְׁפָחֽוֹת׃ס

[Jeremiah 34:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.34.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JER:962` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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