---
title: Joel 1:11 (JPS 1917) — Be ashamed, O ye husbandmen, wail, O ye vinedressers, for the wheat… · tree and pragmatics
description: Be ashamed, O ye husbandmen, wail, O ye vinedressers, for the wheat and for the barley; because the harvest of the field is perished. Who acts: you, harvest. Joel 1:11 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Joel 1:11 · JPS 1917

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Be ashamed, O ye husbandmen, wail, O ye vinedressers, for the wheat and for the barley; because the harvest of the field is perished.

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**Who acts:** you, harvest · **What happens:** be, wail, perish

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This is Joel 1:11 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, harvest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOL:11
# text = Be ashamed, O ye husbandmen, wail, O ye vinedressers, for the wheat and for the barley; because the harvest of the field is perished.
1	Be	be	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	cop	_	_
2	ashamed	ashamed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	_
5	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	2	vocative	_	_
6	husbandmen	husbandman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	appos	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	wail	wail	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	11	discourse	_	_
11	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	8	vocative	_	_
12	vinedressers	vinedresser	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	appos	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	wheat	wheat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	for	for	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	barley	barley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
22	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	harvest	harvest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
28	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
29	perished	perish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | ye *vocative*; ashamed *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **wail** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | for the wheat and the barley; ye *vocative* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S\_INF»: agent=Agent for wheat=Recipient |
| 3 | **perish** | present · passive | the harvest of the field |  |  |  |  |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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הֹבִ֣ישׁוּ אִכָּרִ֗ים הֵילִ֙ילוּ֙ כֹּֽרְמִ֔ים עַל־חִטָּ֖ה וְעַל־שְׂעֹרָ֑ה כִּ֥י אָבַ֖ד קְצִ֥יר שָׂדֶֽה׃

[Joel 1:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.1.11/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOL:11` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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