--- title: Joel 2:5 (JPS 1917) — Like the noise of chariots, on the tops of the mountains do they lea… · tree and pragmatics description: Like the noise of chariots, on the tops of the mountains do they leap, like the noise of a flame of fire that devoureth the stubble, as a mighty people set in battle array. Who acts: people, flame, mighty people, chariots. Joel 2:5 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cla --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOL.25/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL/2/) / [2:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.2.5/) / JPS 1 # Joel 2:5 · JPS 1917 Like the noise of chariots, on the tops of the mountains do they leap, like the noise of a flame of fire that devoureth the stubble, as a mighty people set in battle array. **Who acts:** people, flame, mighty people, chariots, fire · **What happens:** leap, devour, set, noise, flame · **To what, where:** tops, stubble, battle array This is Joel 2:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, flame, mighty people, chariots), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JOL:25 # text = Like the noise of chariots, on the tops of the mountains do they leap, like the noise of a flame of fire that devoureth the stubble, as a mighty people set in battle array. 1 Like like ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 noise noise NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 chariots chariot NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nmod _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 7 on on ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 tops top NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obl _ _ 10 of of ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 mountains mountain NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nmod _ _ 13 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 aux _ _ 14 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ _ 15 leap leap VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 17 like like ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 noise noise NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 20 of of ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 flame flame NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nmod _ _ 23 of of ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 fire fire NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nmod _ _ 25 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 26 nsubj _ _ 26 devoureth devour VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 acl:relcl _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 stubble stubble NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obj _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 30 as as SCONJ IN _ 34 mark _ _ 31 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 32 mighty mighty ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 amod _ _ 33 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 nsubj _ _ 34 set set VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 advcl _ _ 35 in in ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 battle battle NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 compound _ _ 37 array array NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obl _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 15 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: neg - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **leap** | present · do-support | people | | | the tops of the mountains | | like the noise of chariots; like the noise of a flame of fire | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on top=Trajectory | | 2 | **devour** | present | a flame of fire | the stubble | | | | | vn devour-39.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stubble=Patient | | 3 | **set** | past | a mighty people | | | battle array | | | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in array=Destination | | 4 | **noise** | | chariots | | | | | | nom noise «event intransitive»: of=agent | | 5 | **noise** | | a flame of fire | | | | | | nom noise «event intransitive»: of=agent | | 6 | **flame** | | fire | | | | | | nom flame «process intransitive»: of=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} כְּק֣וֹל מַרְכָּב֗וֹת עַל־רָאשֵׁ֤י הֶֽהָרִים֙ יְרַקֵּד֔וּן כְּקוֹל֙ לַ֣הַב אֵ֔שׁ אֹכְלָ֖ה קָ֑שׁ כְּעַ֣ם עָצ֔וּם עֱר֖וּךְ מִלְחָמָֽה׃ [Joel 2:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.2.5/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOL:25` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Joel 2:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOL.24/) - next →: [Joel 2:6 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOL.26/) - ↑ back to [Joel 2:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.2.5/)