---
title: Joel 2:6 (JPS 1917) — At their presence the peoples are in anguish; all faces have gathere… · tree and pragmatics
description: At their presence the peoples are in anguish; all faces have gathered blackness. Who acts: peoples, faces. Joel 2:6 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Joel 2:6 · JPS 1917

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At their presence the peoples are in anguish; all faces have gathered blackness.

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**Who acts:** peoples, faces · **What happens:** be, gather · **To what, where:** anguish, blackness

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This is Joel 2:6 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (peoples, faces), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOL:26
# text = At their presence the peoples are in anguish; all faces have gathered blackness.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	presence	presence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	peoples	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	anguish	anguish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
10	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	det	_	_
11	faces	face	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
12	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	gathered	gather	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	parataxis	_	_
14	blackness	blackness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the peoples |  |  | anguish |  | at people's presence | tree rules |
| 2 | **gather** | present · perfect | all faces | blackness |  |  |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blackness=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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מִפָּנָ֖יו יָחִ֣ילוּ עַמִּ֑ים כָּל־פָּנִ֖ים קִבְּצ֥וּ פָארֽוּר׃

[Joel 2:6: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.2.6/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOL:26` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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