--- title: Joel 2:17 (JPS 1917) — Let the priests, the ministers of the LORD, weep between the porch a… · tree and pragmatics description: Let the priests, the ministers of the LORD, weep between the porch and the altar, and let them say: 'Spare thy people, O LORD, and give not Thy heritage to reproach, that the nations should make them a byword: wherefore should they say among the peoples: Where is their God?' 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (priests, nations, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JOL:37 # text = Let the priests, the ministers of the LORD, weep between the porch and the altar, and let them say: 'Spare thy people, O LORD, and give not Thy heritage to reproach, that the nations should make them a byword: wherefore should they say among the peoples: Where is their God?' 1 Let let VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 priests priest NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 nsubj _ _ 4 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 ministers minister NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 appos _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 11 weep weep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 1 xcomp _ _ 12 between between ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 porch porch NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 altar altar NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 conj _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 20 let let VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 1 conj _ _ 21 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ _ 22 say say VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 20 xcomp _ _ 23 : : PUNCT : _ 25 punct _ _ 24 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 25 punct _ _ 25 Spare spare VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 ccomp _ _ 26 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 27 nmod:poss _ _ 27 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 obj _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 29 O o INTJ UH _ 30 discourse _ _ 30 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 vocative _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 33 give give VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 25 conj _ _ 34 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 33 advmod _ _ 35 Thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 36 nmod:poss _ _ 36 heritage heritage NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obj _ _ 37 to to PART TO _ 38 mark _ _ 38 reproach reproach VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 33 advcl _ _ 39 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 40 that that SCONJ IN _ 44 mark _ _ 41 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 nations nation NOUN NNS Number=Plur 44 nsubj _ _ 43 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 44 aux _ _ 44 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 33 advcl _ _ 45 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 44 obj _ _ 46 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 byword byword NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 xcomp _ _ 48 : : PUNCT : _ 52 punct _ _ 49 wherefore wherefore ADV WRB PronType=Int 52 advmod _ _ 50 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 52 aux _ _ 51 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 52 nsubj _ _ 52 say say VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 1 parataxis _ _ 53 among among ADP IN _ 55 case _ _ 54 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 55 det _ _ 55 peoples people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 52 obl _ _ 56 : : PUNCT : _ 60 punct _ _ 57 Where where ADV WRB PronType=Int 60 advmod _ _ 58 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 60 cop _ _ 59 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 60 nmod:poss _ _ 60 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 52 ccomp _ _ 61 ? ? PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ 62 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 1 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed form=imp, act=request, polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **let** | infinitive | the priests | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **weep** | infinitive | the priests *not said here* | | | | | between the porch and the altar | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **let** | infinitive | priests *= priest* | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | infinitive | priests *= priest* *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **spare** | infinitive | | thy people | | | | LORD *vocative* | vn bill-54.5 «NP V NP NP.asset»: agent=Agent people=Asset | | 6 | **not** **give** | infinitive | | Thy heritage | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heritage=Theme | | 7 | **reproach** | to-infinitive | | | | | | | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **make** | should | the nations | people | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset they=Product | | 9 | **say** *speech: assert* | should | people | | | | | among the peoples; wherefore *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 10 | **is a** | present | | people's God | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} בֵּ֤ין הָאוּלָם֙ וְלַמִּזְבֵּ֔חַ יִבְכּוּ֙ הַכֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים מְשָׁרְתֵ֖י יְהוָ֑ה וְֽיֹאמְר֞וּ ח֧וּסָה יְהוָ֣ה עַל־עַמֶּ֗ךָ וְאַל־תִּתֵּ֨ן נַחֲלָתְךָ֤ לְחֶרְפָּה֙ לִמְשָׁל־בָּ֣ם גּוֹיִ֔ם לָ֚מָּה יֹאמְר֣וּ בָֽעַמִּ֔ים אַיֵּ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיהֶֽם׃ [Joel 2:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.2.17/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOL:37` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Joel 2:16 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOL.36/) - next →: [Joel 2:18 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOL.38/) - ↑ back to [Joel 2:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.2.17/)