---
title: Joel 2:20 (JPS 1917) — But I will remove far off from you the northern one, and will drive… · tree and pragmatics
description: But I will remove far off from you the northern one, and will drive him into a land barren and desolate, with his face toward the eastern sea, and his hinder part toward the western sea; that his foulness may come up, and his ill savour may come up, because he hath done great things.' Who acts: I, f
---

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# Joel 2:20 · JPS 1917

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But I will remove far off from you the northern one, and will drive him into a land barren and desolate, with his face toward the eastern sea, and his hinder part toward the western sea; that his foulness may come up, and his ill savour may come up, because he hath done great things.'

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**Who acts:** I, foulness, ill savour, LORD · **What happens:** remove, drive, come up, do, savour · **To what, where:** northern one, LORD, land, great things

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This is Joel 2:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, foulness, ill savour, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOL:40
# text = But I will remove far off from you the northern one, and will drive him into a land barren and desolate, with his face toward the eastern sea, and his hinder part toward the western sea; that his foulness may come up, and his ill savour may come up, because he hath done great things.'
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	_	4	aux	_	_
4	remove	remove	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
6	off	off	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	northern	northern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	drive	drive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
16	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	into	into	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
20	barren	barren	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	desolate	desolate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	conj	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	with	with	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
27	toward	toward	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	eastern	eastern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
33	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	35	nmod:poss	_	_
34	hinder	hinder	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	_
36	toward	toward	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
38	western	western	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	amod	_	_
39	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nmod	_	_
40	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	45	punct	_	_
41	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	45	mark	_	_
42	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	43	nmod:poss	_	_
43	foulness	foulness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	nsubj	_	_
44	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	45	aux	_	_
45	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
46	up	up	ADV	RB	_	45	advmod	_	_
47	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	53	punct	_	_
48	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	53	cc	_	_
49	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	51	nmod:poss	_	_
50	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	51	amod	_	_
51	savour	savour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	nsubj	_	_
52	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	53	aux	_	_
53	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	45	conj	_	_
54	up	up	ADV	RB	_	53	advmod	_	_
55	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	59	punct	_	_
56	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	59	mark	_	_
57	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	59	nsubj	_	_
58	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	59	aux	_	_
59	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	45	advcl	_	_
60	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	61	amod	_	_
61	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	59	obj	_	_
62	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
63	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: promise
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=narrator

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remove** | future | I | the northern one |  |  |  | from you; off *property* | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent one=Theme from you=Source |
| 2 | **drive** | future | I *not said here* | LORD |  | a land |  | with LORD's face toward the eastern sea and LORD's hinder part toward the western sea | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent he=Theme into land=Trajectory |
| 3 | **come up** | may | LORD's foulness |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **come up** | may | LORD's ill savour |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **do** | present · perfect | LORD | great things |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality |
| 6 | **savour** |  | LORD |  |  |  |  |  | nom savour «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְֽאֶת־הַצְּפוֹנִ֞י אַרְחִ֣יק מֵעֲלֵיכֶ֗ם וְהִדַּחְתִּיו֮ אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ צִיָּ֣ה וּשְׁמָמָה֒ אֶת־פָּנָ֗יו אֶל־הַיָּם֙ הַקַּדְמֹנִ֔י וְסֹפ֖וֹ אֶל־הַיָּ֣ם הָאַֽחֲר֑וֹן וְעָלָ֣ה בָאְשׁ֗וֹ וְתַ֙עַל֙ צַחֲנָת֔וֹ כִּ֥י הִגְדִּ֖יל לַעֲשֽׂוֹת׃

[Joel 2:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.2.20/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOL:40` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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