---
title: Joel 3:1 (JPS 1917) — And it shall come to pass afterward, that I will pour out My spirit… · tree and pragmatics
description: And it shall come to pass afterward, that I will pour out My spirit upon all flesh; and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, your old men shall dream dreams, your young men shall see visions; Who acts: it, I, sons, old men. Joel 3:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of 
---

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# Joel 3:1 · JPS 1917

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And it shall come to pass afterward, that I will pour out My spirit upon all flesh; and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, your old men shall dream dreams, your young men shall see visions;

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**Who acts:** it, I, sons, old men, young men · **What happens:** come, pass, pour out, prophesy, dream, see · **To what, where:** spirit, dreams, visions

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This is Joel 3:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (it, I, sons, old men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOL:48
# text = And it shall come to pass afterward, that I will pour out My spirit upon all flesh; and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, your old men shall dream dreams, your young men shall see visions;
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	afterward	afterward	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	pour	pour	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
13	out	out	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
14	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	spirit	spirit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
16	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	18	det	_	_
18	flesh	flesh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	27	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
21	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nsubj	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
24	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	daughters	daughter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	conj	_	_
26	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
27	prophesy	prophesy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
29	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
30	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	nsubj	_	_
32	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	33	aux	_	_
33	dream	dream	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
34	dreams	dream	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	obj	_	_
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
36	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	38	nmod:poss	_	_
37	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
38	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	nsubj	_	_
39	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	40	aux	_	_
40	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
41	visions	vision	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	obj	_	_
42	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | shall | it |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | afterward *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **pour out** | future | I | My spirit |  |  |  | upon all flesh | vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spirit=Patient |
| 4 | **prophesy** | shall | your sons and your daughters |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **dream** | shall | your old men | dreams |  |  |  |  | vn cognize-85 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dream=Topic |
| 6 | **see** | shall | your young men | visions |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer vision=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְהָיָ֣ה אַֽחֲרֵי־כֵ֗ן אֶשְׁפּ֤וֹךְ אֶת־רוּחִי֙ עַל־כָּל־בָּשָׂ֔ר וְנִבְּא֖וּ בְּנֵיכֶ֣ם וּבְנֽוֹתֵיכֶ֑ם זִקְנֵיכֶם֙ חֲלֹמ֣וֹת יַחֲלֹמ֔וּן בַּח֣וּרֵיכֶ֔ם חֶזְיֹנ֖וֹת יִרְאֽוּ׃

[Joel 3:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.3.1/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOL:48` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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