---
title: Joel 4:4 (JPS 1917) — And also what are ye to Me, O Tyre, and Zidon, and all the regions o… · tree and pragmatics
description: And also what are ye to Me, O Tyre, and Zidon, and all the regions of Philistia? will ye render retribution on My behalf? and if ye render retribution on My behalf, swiftly, speedily will I return your retribution upon your own head. Who acts: ye, I. Joel 4:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and
---

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# Joel 4:4 · JPS 1917

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And also what are ye to Me, O Tyre, and Zidon, and all the regions of Philistia? will ye render retribution on My behalf? and if ye render retribution on My behalf, swiftly, speedily will I return your retribution upon your own head.

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**Who acts:** ye, I · **What happens:** be, render, return · **To what, where:** Me, retribution, behalf

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This is Joel 4:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ye, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOL:56
# text = And also what are ye to Me, O Tyre, and Zidon, and all the regions of Philistia? will ye render retribution on My behalf? and if ye render retribution on My behalf, swiftly, speedily will I return your retribution upon your own head.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	also	also	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
5	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	nsubj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	10	discourse	_	_
10	Tyre	Tyre	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	vocative	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	Zidon	Zidon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	18	det:predet	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	regions	region	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	Philistia	Philistia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
22	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
23	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	24	nsubj	_	_
24	render	render	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	parataxis	_	_
25	retribution	retribution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
26	on	on	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	behalf	behalf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
29	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	24	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
31	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	33	mark	_	_
32	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	33	nsubj	_	_
33	render	render	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	44	advcl	_	_
34	retribution	retribution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obj	_	_
35	on	on	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	37	nmod:poss	_	_
37	behalf	behalf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
39	swiftly	swiftly	ADV	RB	_	44	advmod	_	_
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
41	speedily	speedily	ADV	RB	_	44	advmod	_	_
42	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	44	aux	_	_
43	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	44	nsubj	_	_
44	return	return	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	conj	_	_
45	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	46	nmod:poss	_	_
46	retribution	retribution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obj	_	_
47	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
48	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	50	nmod:poss	_	_
49	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	50	amod	_	_
50	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obl	_	_
51	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: yes/no question
- act: warn
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- indirect: yes
- teacher: changed act=warn

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | ye |  | Me |  |  | Tyre and Zidon and all regions of Philistia *vocative* | tree rules |
| 2 | **render** | future | ye | retribution |  | My behalf |  |  | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent retribution=Theme |
| 3 | **render** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | ye | retribution |  | My behalf |  |  | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent retribution=Theme |
| 4 | **return** | future | I | your retribution |  |  |  | upon your own head; speedily, swiftly *property* | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent retribution=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְ֠גַם מָה־אַתֶּ֥ם לִי֙ צֹ֣ר וְצִיד֔וֹן וְכֹ֖ל גְּלִיל֣וֹת פְּלָ֑שֶׁת הַגְּמ֗וּל אַתֶּם֙ מְשַׁלְּמִ֣ים עָלָ֔י וְאִם־גֹּמְלִ֤ים אַתֶּם֙ עָלַ֔י קַ֣ל מְהֵרָ֔ה אָשִׁ֥יב גְּמֻלְכֶ֖ם בְּרֹאשְׁכֶֽם׃

[Joel 4:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.4.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOL:56` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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