--- title: Joel 4:8 (JPS 1917) — and I will sell your sons and your daughters into the hand of the ch… · tree and pragmatics description: and I will sell your sons and your daughters into the hand of the children of Judah, and they shall sell them to the men of Sheba, to a nation far off; for the LORD hath spoken. Who acts: I, children, LORD. Joel 4:8 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOL.60/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL/4/) / [4:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.4.8/) / JPS 1 # Joel 4:8 · JPS 1917 and I will sell your sons and your daughters into the hand of the children of Judah, and they shall sell them to the men of Sheba, to a nation far off; for the LORD hath spoken. **Who acts:** I, children, LORD · **What happens:** sell, speak · **To what, where:** sons, hand, men · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Joel 4:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, children, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JOL:60 # text = and I will sell your sons and your daughters into the hand of the children of Judah, and they shall sell them to the men of Sheba, to a nation far off; for the LORD hath spoken. 1 and and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 2 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 3 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 4 sell sell VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ _ 6 sons son NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 8 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ _ 9 daughters daughter NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 conj _ _ 10 into into ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 children child NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nmod _ _ 16 of of ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 Judah Judah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 nmod _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 20 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 21 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 22 sell sell VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 conj _ _ 23 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ _ 24 to to ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obl _ _ 27 of of ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 Sheba Sheba PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 nmod _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 30 to to ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 nation nation NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 33 far far ADV RB Degree=Pos 34 advmod _ _ 34 off off ADV RB _ 32 advmod _ _ 35 ; ; PUNCT : _ 40 punct _ _ 36 for for SCONJ IN _ 40 mark _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 40 nsubj _ _ 39 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 40 aux _ _ 40 spoken speak VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 4 advcl _ _ 41 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: promise - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **sell** | future | I | your sons and your daughters | | the hand of the children of Judah | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Theme | | 2 | **sell** | shall | children *= child* | sons *= son* | the men of Sheba | | | to a nation | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Theme to man=Recipient | | 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | present · perfect | the LORD | | | | | | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וּמָכַרְתִּ֞י אֶת־בְּנֵיכֶ֣ם וְאֶת־בְּנֽוֹתֵיכֶ֗ם בְּיַד֙ בְּנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה וּמְכָר֥וּם לִשְׁבָאיִ֖ם אֶל־גּ֣וֹי רָח֑וֹק כִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה דִּבֵּֽר׃ס [Joel 4:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.4.8/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOL:60` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Joel 4:7 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOL.59/) - next →: [Joel 4:9 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOL.61/) - ↑ back to [Joel 4:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOL.4.8/)