---
title: Jonah 1:2 (JPS 1917) — 'Arise, go to Nineveh, that great city, and proclaim against it; for… · tree and pragmatics
description: 'Arise, go to Nineveh, that great city, and proclaim against it; for their wickedness is come up before Me.' Who acts: you, wickedness. Jonah 1:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JON.1/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jonah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON/1/) / [1:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON.1.2/) / JPS 1

# Jonah 1:2 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
'Arise, go to Nineveh, that great city, and proclaim against it; for their wickedness is come up before Me.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, wickedness · **What happens:** arise, go, proclaim, come up · **To what, where:** Nineveh

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Jonah 1:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, wickedness), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JON:1
# text = 'Arise, go to Nineveh, that great city, and proclaim against it; for their wickedness is come up before Me.'
1	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	_
2	Arise	arise	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	go	go	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Nineveh	Nineveh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	10	det	_	_
9	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	proclaim	proclaim	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
14	against	against	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
17	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
18	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	wickedness	wickedness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
20	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
22	up	up	ADP	RP	_	21	compound:prt	_	_
23	before	before	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	Me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	21	obl	_	_
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
26	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arise** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **go** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  | Nineveh |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to nineveh=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **proclaim** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | against city | vn confess-37.10 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **come up** | present · passive | their wickedness |  |  |  | before Me |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before i=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
ק֠וּם לֵ֧ךְ אֶל־נִֽינְוֵ֛ה הָעִ֥יר הַגְּדוֹלָ֖ה וּקְרָ֣א עָלֶ֑יהָ כִּֽי־עָלְתָ֥ה רָעָתָ֖ם לְפָנָֽי׃

[Jonah 1:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON.1.2/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JON:1` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Jonah 1:1 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JON.0/)
- next →: [Jonah 1:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JON.2/)
- ↑ back to [Jonah 1:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON.1.2/)