--- title: Jonah 2:3 (JPS 1917) — And he said: I called out of mine affliction unto the LORD, and He a… · tree and pragmatics description: And he said: I called out of mine affliction unto the LORD, and He answered me; out of the belly of the nether-world cried I, and Thou heardest my voice. Who acts: Jonah, I, Thou, mine. Jonah 2:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JON.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Jonah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON/2/) / [2:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON.2.3/) / JPS 1 # Jonah 2:3 · JPS 1917 And he said: I called out of mine affliction unto the LORD, and He answered me; out of the belly of the nether-world cried I, and Thou heardest my voice. **Who acts:** Jonah, I, Thou, mine · **What happens:** say, call out, answer, cry, hear, afflict · **To what, where:** me, belly, voice · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Jonah 2:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jonah, I, Thou, mine), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JON:19 # text = And he said: I called out of mine affliction unto the LORD, and He answered me; out of the belly of the nether-world cried I, and Thou heardest my voice. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 : : PUNCT : _ 6 punct _ _ 5 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ _ 6 called call VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 7 out out ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 mine my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ _ 10 affliction affliction NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 11 unto unto ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 16 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ _ 17 answered answer VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 18 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 17 obj _ _ 19 ; ; PUNCT : _ 29 punct _ _ 20 out out ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 21 of of ADP IN _ 20 fixed _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 belly belly NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl _ _ 24 of of ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 26 nether nether NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 compound _ _ 27 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 26 punct _ _ 28 world world NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nmod _ _ 29 cried cry VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 30 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 33 Thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 34 nsubj _ _ 34 heardest hear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 29 conj _ _ 35 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 36 nmod:poss _ _ 36 voice voice NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obj _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed voice=character | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Jonah | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **call out** *speech: assert* | past | I | | | | | of mine affliction; unto the LORD | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | Jonah | | me | | | | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent i=Eventuality | | 4 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | I | | | the belly of the nether world | | | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out belly=Location | | 5 | **hear** | past | Thou | my voice | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer voice=Stimulus | | 6 | **afflict** | | mine | | | | | | nom affliction «state transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֗אמֶר קָ֠רָאתִי מִצָּ֥רָה לִ֛י אֶל־יְהוָ֖ה וַֽיַּעֲנֵ֑נִי מִבֶּ֧טֶן שְׁא֛וֹל שִׁוַּ֖עְתִּי שָׁמַ֥עְתָּ קוֹלִֽי׃ [Jonah 2:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON.2.3/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JON:19` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Jonah 2:2 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JON.18/) - next →: [Jonah 2:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JON.20/) - ↑ back to [Jonah 2:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON.2.3/)