---
title: Jonah 3:9 (JPS 1917) — Who knoweth whether God will not turn and repent, and turn away from… · tree and pragmatics
description: Who knoweth whether God will not turn and repent, and turn away from His fierce anger, that we perish not?' Who acts: God, we. Jonah 3:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jonah 3:9 · JPS 1917

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Who knoweth whether God will not turn and repent, and turn away from His fierce anger, that we perish not?'

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**Who acts:** God, we · **What happens:** know, not turn, repent, turn away, not perish, anger · **To what, where:** fierce anger · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Jonah 3:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (God, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JON:38
# text = Who knoweth whether God will not turn and repent, and turn away from His fierce anger, that we perish not?'
1	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	2	nsubj	_	_
2	knoweth	know	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
4	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	turn	turn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	repent	repent	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	turn	turn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
13	away	away	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
16	fierce	fierce	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	anger	anger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
20	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
21	perish	perish	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	advcl	_	_
22	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
23	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
24	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: yes/no question
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- indirect: yes
- teacher: changed form=q, act=ask, indirect=1

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **not** **turn** | future | God |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **repent** | infinitive | God *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **turn away** | infinitive | God *not said here* |  |  | God's fierce anger |  | away *property* | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from anger=Source |
| 5 | **not** **perish** | present | we |  |  |  |  |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 6 | **anger** |  | God |  |  |  |  |  | nom anger «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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מִֽי־יוֹדֵ֣עַ יָשׁ֔וּב וְנִחַ֖ם הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים וְשָׁ֛ב מֵחֲר֥וֹן אַפּ֖וֹ וְלֹ֥א נֹאבֵֽד׃

[Jonah 3:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON.3.9/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JON:38` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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